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need trade show booths, banner stands and table skirts

2011-08-19T05:26:00.004+07:00

As you know history repeats itself; if fact it is true all the time. Even modern marketing Gurus advocate the age old practice of trade shows for marketing products; some claim it is must for launching any product. However now winter will end sooner or later everywhere; especially those of us live in this hemisphere. I remind you, if you are associated with business in marketing or selling line that when winter ends spring arrives.

The high time to launch your products or boost your sell. Now if your choice is road shows, trade shows or kiosks in open air to market your goods; the continue reading this article. Even if you are just considering to try this way then this article will help you all the way.

Trade Show Displays by Camelback Displays, Inc.™ We offer one-stop shopping for factory priced trade show exhibits, displays and trade show booths.

Camelback has helped over 19,000 customers since 1999!

Finish off your exhibit booth with many extras such as truss, trade show flooring, trade show display, banner stands, directors chairs, light boxes, exhibit counters & cabinets, literature Holders, trade show furniture, booth Pipe and Drape, table covers, exhibit graphics and more.

We offer the largest variety of tradeshow displays & exhibit booths on the market with many custom options.

Browse our online catalog of portable trade show exhibits, graphics, banner stands, truss displays, directors chairs & all types of exhibit furniture, table skirts, flooring and much more.

INTERIOR DECORATORS NYC STYLE CAREERS

2011-04-18T00:40:00.001+07:00

Interior design has been an curiosity of human cultures because the 1st human being resolved to do a little something to make their residing natural environment attractive. Considering interior structure is a reflection of culture, it gives you an beneficial hyperlink to our society's historical past. Lately there has been an curiosity on way more than just mere aesthetics in interior style and design-color and design have been uncovered to have much-reaching effects on men and women.

Seeing that interior decorators nyc now have the likelihood of employing profound changes in their clients' lives, it's significant that everybody arranging on a vocation in interior style and design learns additional than just the principles of color and material. Customers want to know how to embellish on a price range, the durability of supplies-even how kid-friendly their d?cor will be! A profession in this form of structure can be rewarding-as prolonged as you give it the preparing it deserves.

In accordance to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Outlook Handbook for 2010-2011, demand for interior experts is expected to raise as a whole lot more house owners and corporations require their services. Individuals designers with the talent, schooling, and specialization-particularly into "green technology" have the most effective potential customers for successful careers. Considering that many designers agreement their solutions or complete freelance give good results, it's also a very good plan to have organization feeling (or at least some courses to help you out) and very good communication and interpersonal abilities. Countless experts see good results in specializing in a exact subject, these as dwelling interior design, producing significantly more effective and ergonomic workplace surroundings, or modifying homes and firms to support customers with disabilities. In addition, it's a high-quality strategy to have some schooling in CAD (desktop computer-aided drafting) and other computer software apps.

Entry-stage positions in style and design have to have completion of a coaching plan from specialized design colleges or from colleges or universities. Wherever you get your certificate issues: having your associate's diploma or a certificate completing a two- to three-year system in most cases qualifies you to be an assistant interior layout professional, and a bachelor's diploma frequently will allow for you to qualify for an apprenticeship system. There are about 300 accredited universities a budding interior designer can show up at, and a lot of of them can help in identifying employment. In addition, it's really important to compile a portfolio of your perform-sketches and images in this collection permit employers to see how you use space, shade, and design. Soon after your education, you most probable will begin the process of as an assistant or apprentice, functioning one or significantly more years with an experienced designer until you exhibit the aptitude to perform on your very own. At this position, depending on the state, you may uncover that you might need to be licensed to proceed your career.

Interior style pros, on standard, earn a wage in between $33,160 and $47,519, in accordance to payscale.com. Most (92%) of interior designers are feminine, and the bulk (85%) of interior designers have been beautifying dwelling room for much less than 10 several years. The very best metropolitan areas to give good results in as an interior designer are San Francisco, New York, and Los Angeles-and freelance interior designers are inclined to be the highest-compensated.

If you have the flair, the training, and the flexibility to expand your functioning information to meet the requirements of an at any time-expanding sector, a career in interior decorators nyc structure-doing it fantastic, 1 room at a time-- just may very well deliver the results for you.

Best Design from camelbackdisplays.com

2011-04-16T13:17:00.001+07:00

In the modern trend each a single likes to dwell in present day pattern at all the times. So we are offering desirable exhibit at all the spots. We are presenting banner stands, table skirts, exhibit truss, trade show flooring, pipes and drape and etc…Today every last human promote our organisation and jobs by banners on the grounds that it the least expensive way to advertise. So are we are taking significantly more treatment and introduce a lot more style banner stands.

We have much more style of banner stands like retractable banner stand, telescoping banner stand, outdoor banner stand digital banner stand and even more. With this additionally we are supplying promote flags also. Pipe and Drape are put to use to make trade show booths, divide a place. our brand pipe and drapes is to be highly qualified and then stand up to all the moisture ailment and weights extremely ,totally we have about 5 variations of pipe and drapes, that’s are multi print, maxi print, full color and celebration mate. All the trade indicate booths created by utilizing pipe and drapes.

Camelback Displays, is the organisation who offers you all sort of trade show for wide vary of exhibits, from table high to total island displays implementing enormous graphics, truss, pop-ups, panel methods, and hybrid methods. If you are on the lookout for the leader of design for your trade indicate exhibits Camelback Displays, is your decision...!! This supplier is the top for planning and supplying transportable trade show exhibits to all people arround the worlds.

Camelback Displays, has handled more than sixteen,000 assignments over the decades from initiate to complete for different enormous and minor assignments. They gives you the greatest style and most beneficial quality you can believe in..!! You can view the most beneficial structure and the best outstanding of table addresses, throws, skirting, fitted set, cloth banners, table skirts, Table Top Exhibit, and lots of much more...You also can try out your match diplay logo, graphics, message or artwork effort to exhibit your personal corporation, which will be impressed pleasant and acquainted. CamelbackDisplay will make it marvelous style for you.

INTERIOR DESIGNERS NEW YORK CITY

2011-04-16T12:34:00.002+07:00

An interior style and interior designers new york city is greater than an interior decorator salary because of to the greater variety of skills that a designer demands. With this greater requirement of practical knowledge, the interior designer has higher earning possible. Interior designers emphasis on enhancing the quality and safety of a residing area or constructing plus strengthening the all round purpose of the identical generating or dwelling room. Interior decorators generally focus on the aesthetics of a making and dwelling room.

Interior designers must have information of blueprints because their give good results starts just before a building up is even built sometimes. Designers should always be professional in building proposals and subsequent a price range set forth by the consumer. An interior designer's salary will mirror the special information they will discover in college.

An interior style and design wage can array from $22,000 to $40,000 per 12 months to commence depending on the if the designer is specializing in industrial or residential layout. Wage can rely on the layout firm, practical knowledge and their popularity. In 2004 in the United States, the median salary for interior designers was a great deal more than $40,000. Designers that do specialized function for engineering or architectural companies have the highest average wage in the area. Retail furnishings retailer designers who get the job done in-household have the following greatest wage for interior designers.

After an interior designers new york city gains a good deal of expertise, they have the likely to earn an interior pattern wage in excess of $one hundred,000 per 12 months. Interior designers just out of school primarily begin their careers with an set up architectural or layout firm. Once they have gained practical experience many designers branch off and form their personal company.

An interior structure wage for self-employed designers is centered on their per-hour consulting price so earnings for self-employed designers can be rather varied. A 2005 survey showed that the common wage for a self-employed designer is about $51,000.

An interior designer's wage can be improved by staying nationally certified by using the Nationwide Council for Interior Style Qualifications (NCIDQ). This licensing is obligatory in some states. An interior designer can enhance their potential earnings by preserving their competencies up to date by taking courses presented by structure schools around the region. These proficiency can be upgraded as a result of internet systems as nicely.

A self-employed designer can enhance their wage in quite a few ideas. They can charge an first consultation fee still this could quite possibly restrict the quantity of shoppers they get considering that it could flip off a potential client. On the other hand, the designer's time is funds and if they are rather occupied, it may not be worthwhile to supply no cost consultations.

An interior designer can charge their customer by the hour. An hourly price can variety from $60.00 per hour to $350.00 per hour relying on the experience of the designer and in which the designer is positioned, for instance New York city.

An interior pattern wage can be centered on set fee pricing for exact choices of jobs. The designer sets a charge in regards to the elements desired, expected duration of time to complete the profession, square footage etc. The customer would then spend an interior designers new york city preliminary amount and then the harmony is paid in increments or at the completion of the job.

NYC INTERIOR DESIGN FIRMS

2011-04-15T23:16:00.000+07:00

NYC interior design firms has been the leader in interior style and design developments for lots of decades, so architects and designers all through the entire world notice what is widespread in Uptown, midtown, and downtown New York. When it comes to floor remedies, polished concrete has turn out to be a best decision all around NYC. It is both stunning and sturdy so it's no surprise that it is all over the place in the Gigantic Apple. A lot of New Yorkers all the same, could very well be shocked that the innovative stone floors in the most fashionable outlets on Madison Avenue and some of the legendary lobbies of Broadway theaters are literally polished concrete.

New technological advancements and ornamental improvements have turned the aged cement floor into a significant stop style preference that lots of organisations like to stone, wooden, or tile. Considering polished concrete can take on the glance of high priced materials like granite, marble, or slate but is significantly less extravagant and much more resilient, it presents NYC businesses the monetary gain they really need in these demanding occasions.

Every single venture in New York has to stand out if it's going to get seen. Legitimate estate is steeply-priced, so small-scale areas ought to generate big outcome and simply because NYC is a walking city, floors get major and constant use. A fashionable loft studio in Soho demands to keep a cutting edge design, but it also has to constantly look fantastic and be hassle-free to manage. The atrium and hallways of earth main economic establishments need to task an air of dignity and distinction all through the sweltering New York summers as very well as the snowy and slushy winters. When the doorman opens the ornate doors of a NYC hotel or substantial rise, the floor that is revealed need to be wonderful each early morning and late at night time for the city that not ever sleeps.

Polished concrete is so flexible, it will work in all sorts of buildings all more than NYC, and just like the terrific actors that perform on Broadway, it can consider on a great many roles. If the floor is new or the present cement slab is in fantastic condition, stain can be added and the surface is polished with specialized machinery. These stains arrive in a wide assortment of colours so basically any color scheme can be matched.

Self-leveling concrete and concrete overlays can be additional to the existing surface to grow design and style methods. Self-leveling concrete is implemented to right broken or uneven floors and assortment from ?" to 1 inch thick. Overlays are generally thinner. A textured pores and skin can be placed above the wet cement to develop many different results which mimic all-natural stone. The the best surface can be noticed lower to set up the illusion of tile, brick, or patio stone. Terracotta, glass, or color chips can also be additional to the moist concrete to develop even significantly more style choices.

In NYC interior design firms individuality is fundamental. Every last polished concrete floor has its very own extraordinary and refined patterns, so every floor is a person of a sort. Of program New York is also a historic town. Hundreds of aged, classic buildings are component of the cityscape. When these structures are remodeled, designers check out to respect the framework and existing supplies. Considering the fact that polished concrete utilizes the current cement base, the interior layout integrity is very simple to honor. It's also an environmentally intelligent choice. By by using current materials, no lumber, petroleum centered merchandise or other sources ought to be implemented. No toxic or steeply-priced chemicals are needed to clear polished concrete possibly. It cleans up nicely with just straight forward soap and drinking water.

Eventually, no discussion about NYC interiors would be complete not having mentioning top notch title designers. Customized shades and patterns are now on the market for polished concrete. Seeing as every single floor is individually built, proprietors and designers can infuse their unique aesthetic vision into each and every floor.

NYC interior design firms site visitors and citizens no lengthier just start looking up at the sky scrapers, now they also look down and admire the polished concrete that adds to the rhythm and splendor of the Enormous Apple.

10 Makanan yang Akan Membuat Tidur anda berkualitas

2009-07-24T02:20:00.000+07:00

Apa rahasia untuk mendapatkan tidur 7 – 8 jam yang nyenyak? Anda perlu pergi ke dapur dan menikmati satu atau dua dari 10 daftar makanan di bawah ini. Makanan ini merelaksasi otot yang tegang, menenangkan pikiran dan mengaktifkan hormon untuk membantu Anda tidur yaitu serotonin dan melatonin.

Pisang
Pisang seperti obat tidur alami. Selain mengandung melatonin dan serotonin dalam jumlah kecil, pisang juga mengandung magnesium, bahan yang dapat merangsang relaksasi otot

Teh Chamomile
Teh Chamomile mempunyai efek penenang yang dapat menurunkan stress fisik maupun mental, membuat teh ini minuman yang cocok untuk dikonsumsi sebelum tidur

Susu hangat
Bukan, ini bukan mitos, segelas susu hangat sebelum tidur dapat membantu tidur Anda. Susu mengandung tryptophan, yaitu asam amino yang mempunyai efek sedatif dan kalsium yang membantu otak untuk menggunakan tryptophan.

Madu
Tambahkan madu sedikit di dalam susu atau teh Anda. Gula dapat meningkatkan energi, tetapi dalam jumlah yang sedikit, gula dapat memberitahu otak Anda untuk menurunkan kinerja orexin. Neurotransmiter yang berhubungan dengan kesadaran Anda.

Kentang
Sedikit kentang rebus atau kentang panggang di malam hari tidak akan menaikkan berat badan Anda. Kentang membersihkan asam yang dapat mengganggu kinerja tryptophan di dalam tubuh.

Oatmeal
Oatmeal sebelum tidur adalah jalan tercepat menuju tidur, karena oatmeal merangsang produksi melatonin di dalam tubuh pada malam hari.

Kacang Almond
Almond adalah kacang yang baik bagi kesehatan jantung. Tetapi almond juga dapat membantu tidur Anda karena mengandung tryptophan dan magnesium.

Flaxseed
Flaxseed kaya akan asam omega-3 yang dapat membantu memperbaiki mood Anda. Konsumsi flaxseed ketika Anda sedang mengalami stress atau depresi berat. Tidur Anda akan lebih nyenyak.

Roti Gandum (Whole Wheat Bread)
Sepotong roti gandum dan teh akan merangsang insulin di dalam tubuh Anda, yang berguna untuk membantu kinerja tryptophan untuk bereaksi di otak. Dimana tryptophan akan diubah menjadi serotonin yang memberi tahu otak Anda untuk tidur.

Daging Kalkun
Daging kalkun adalah sumber yang sangat baik untuk tryptophan. Tryptophan bekerja ketika perut Anda kosong dan tidak ketika Anda sangat kenyang. Tetapi 1 sampai 2 potong dari daging kalkun bersama dengan roti gandum pada waktu sore hari akan dapat membantu membuat tidur Anda lebih nyenyak di malam hari.

Pidato Presiden SBY

2009-05-15T20:14:00.003+07:00

bapak negara bapak presiden susilo bambang yudhoyono di bandung mengumumkan siapa yang akan menjadi wakilnya, dan alasan kenapa dia memilih untuk mengajak bapak BOEDIONO untuk mendapinginya menjadi calon presiden RI.

semoga keputusan yang diambil oleh bapak SBY adalah keputusan yang terbaik.
mari kita dukung partai Demokrat dan jadikan bapak SBY sebagai presiden RI agar negara tercinta kita menjadi lebih kuat dimata dunia.
ayo PKS ikut dukung SBY yaaaa.

MARI KITA DUKUNG SBY
LANJUTKAN...................

Manohara model asal indonesia diculik oleh suaminya

2009-04-23T13:31:00.001+07:00

Manohara model cantik asal indonesia diculik dan disiksa oleh suaminya. Yang masih termasuk dalam anggota keluarga raja malaysia. Kenapa suami dari manohara tega melakukan hal tersebut? Usut punya usut dikarenakan setelah ia menikahi manohara, dan manohara menjadi istri sahnya yg ke 3. Si manohara tetap melakukan pekerjaannya sebagai model. Mungkin bagi anak raja malaysia itu hal yg dilakukan oleh istrinya tersebut memalukan dirinya. Karena anak seorang raja mempunyai istri yg bekerja sebagai model. Kalian tau kan gmn se pekerjaan model tu...... Tp yg gmn lg sebagai seorang lelaki anak raja tersebut tetap menikah dengan manohara. Meskipun manohara bekerja sebagai model dia tetap saja menikahinya. Kenapa? Padahal dia jg sudah mempunyai 2 istri? Trus yg salah tu sapa? Ayo INDONESIA jangan mau kalah dengan negara malaysia. Ayo bebaskan MANOHARA dari siksaan kejam dari suaminya

swim a dog

2009-04-07T20:03:00.001+07:00

Do not remehkan ability to swim a dog. In Australia, a dog owned by Jan Griffith returned to find the employer, after swimming for almost 4 months in the ocean offshore.

As dilansir AFP, Senin (6/7/2009), is a dog named Sophie Tucker. He fell in the boat while on holiday with Jan in Queensland, Australia, in November ago.

Jan Family at that time believe that they care about the dog drowned. But without the chance, Sophie could finally swim to St Bees, which is very far distance.

Dogs gray is finally back to his family last week. Sophie found by the police in the wet forest and a little lean.

"We immediately call him directly and we menyahuti. Condition directly improved when we met," Jan said.

Battere from virus

2009-04-07T19:30:00.001+07:00

JAKARTA, KOMPAS.com - Batere and viruses? What relationship? Here, scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) was reverse a virus that can establish a Battery. If this is realized, the Battery technology is truly environmentally friendly (green battery) has arrived.

Mentioned, batere made from viruses that can be used to mendayai tiny electronic devices, such as mobile phone and MP3 player. In the future, they can also be used to memotori car. M13 virus used to make this batere only menginfeksi bacteria, so it is not dangerous to humans.

These are the development of a research conducted three years ago when the MIT team has formed a genetic virus-the virus that can build a anoda with the coat itself with cobalt oxide and gold and to build itself to form a nanowire. Batere anoda always have two, one of the positive (often made of cobalt dioxide) and a negative terminal (often made of graphite).

MIT researchers and the research focuses on the development of a cathode that can be paired with anoda. This task is not easy, but eventually the scientists could create a virus-the virus coat themselves with iron phosphate, and stick to the carbon nanotubes to create a network of highly conductive material. Electron-electron can walk along the carbon nanotubes to a network of iron phosphate with a very simple, which means that the transfer of energy in a very short time.

By using this development, researchers have created a coin-sized Battery. According to the test lab, batere this can be filled and re-use at least 100x without reducing capacity. Indeed, the endurance cycle contents are less than Li-ion Battery, Battery, but this can be expected to survive much longer.

Risna, the baby diedwith injuries in his leg after gawk be shatter glass

2009-04-06T21:04:00.000+07:00

Liputan6.com, Ambon: Risna, the baby died aged eight months mengenaskan with injuries in his leg after gawk be shatter glass with the General Hospital in Al-Fatah, Ambon, Maluku. Suspected, the baby died as a result malapraktik made a doctor berinisial N.
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Now, the corpse of the victim in the room terbujur rigid corpses RS Bhayangkara Maluku Regional Police. In addition there is a wound hematoma Risna in the stomach, legs in the second circle, there are wounds that gape. Wound that perforated two centimeters deep to look tulangnya.

According to the Anci, the mother of the victim, the incident started when Risna was to RSU by Fatah al-grandmother and her mother on Saturday (4 / 4) at around 01.00 local time. At that time Risna need help because of the diarrhea. Arriving at the hospital, Risna placed in the emergency room unit.

BBQ N berinisial directly give infus. When akan diinfus, doctors find it difficult to enter the vein needle infus. Doctors also operate one of the ankle Risna the glass shatter. Because not find a vein on the right foot Risna, doctors move to the left foot, but also did not find blood vessel. Wound in right leg was sewed, but the wound in the left foot has not been sewed. Doctor reasonless akan menjahitnya after dawn prayers.

Due to a long time, and continues to convulse Risna blood in the left foot. Because panic, Aminah, a grandmother decides to bring home Risna grandchildren. However, in the way to her house in the area of Air Salobar, Risna died Saturday morning at around 06.00 local time.

Victim and then taken to hospital for Bhayangkara divisum. However, when requested approval otopsi by the police, the victim's family who are poor can not afford to pay otopsi.

Realizing that death is not reasonable Risna, Aminah and Anci events reported to the Police Headquarters resort island of Ambon. Apparatus directly to the police station to investigate the hospital. Police and search and secure the amount of evidence, among them former infus syringe and bandage full of blood ceceran victims.

The Al-Fatah hospital in Ambon until now have not provided information related to these allegations malapraktik. While doctors try to keep berinisial N vague and have not provided a description

wajib dibaca oleh semua orang indonesia

2009-03-21T00:25:00.000+07:00

Sudah lama banget saya nggak posting artikel ato tulisan yg diunduh dari sumber lain. Well, kali ini ada tulisan menarik yg saya dapat dari salah satu milis yang saya ikuti.

INDONESIA doesnt need d world, but the world need INDONESIA

Suatu pagi di bandar lampung, menjemput seseorang di bandara. Orang itu sudah tua, kisaran 60 tahun. Sebut saja si bapak. Si bapak adalah pengusaha asal singapura, dengan logat bicara gaya melayu, english, (atau singlish?). Beliau menceritakan pengalaman2 hidupnya kepada kami yang masih muda. Mulai dari pengalaman bisnis, spiritual, keluarga, bahkan percintaan hehehe..

“Your country is so rich!”

Ah biasa banget kan denger kata2 begitu. Tapi tunggu dulu..

“Indonesia doesnt need d world, but d world need Indonesia “
“Everything can be found here in Indonesia , u dont need d world”
“Mudah saja, Indonesia paru2 dunia. Tebang saja hutan di Kalimantan , dunia pasti kiamat. Dunia yang butuh Indonesia !”

“Singapore is nothing, we cant be rich without indonesia. 500.000 orang indonesia berlibur ke singapura setiap bulan. bisa terbayang uang yang masuk ke kami? apartemen2 dan condo terbaru kami yang membeli pun orang2 indonesia, ga peduli harga yang selangit, laku keras. Lihatlah rumah sakit kami, orang indonesia semua yang berobat.”

“Kalian tahu bagaimana kalapnya pemerintah kami ketika asap hutan indonesia masuk? ya benar2 panik. sangat berasa, we are nothing.”

“Kalian ga tau kan klo agustus kemarin dunia krisis beras. termasuk di singapura dan malaysia ? kalian di indonesia dengan mudah dapat beras”

“Lihatlah negara kalian, air bersih dimana2.. lihatlah negara kami, air bersih pun kami beli dari malaysia . Saya pernah ke kalimantan, bahkan pasir pun mengandung permata. Terlihat glitter kalo ada matahari bersinar. Petani disana menjual Rp3000/kg ke sebuah pabrik China . Dan si pabrik menjualnya kembali seharga Rp 30.000/kg. Saya melihatnya sendiri”

“Kalian sadar tidak klo negara2 lain selalu takut meng-embargo Indonesia ? Ya, karena negara kalian memiliki segalanya. Mer eka takut klo kalian menjadi mandiri, makanya tidak di embargo. harusnya KALIANLAH YANG MENG-EMBARGO DIRI KALIAN SENDIRI. Beli lah dari petani2 kita sendiri, beli lah tekstil garmen dari pabrik2 sendiri. Tak perlu kalian impor klo bisa produksi sendiri.”

“Jika kalian bisa mandiri, bisa MENG-EMBARGO DIRI SENDIRI, Indonesia will rules the world..”

Rupiah menguat

2009-03-13T13:44:00.001+07:00

Rupiah positive path with the significant increase. In the middle of a tight trading, dollar race in the middle of the corrections that occurred in some regional currencies.
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In the forex trading at 17.00 WIB, Kamis (12/3/2009) rupiah menguat 120 points (1%) to the position of 11,850 per U.S. dollar. Rupiah today even have menguat to the level of 11,800 per U.S. dollar.

Declining trends in inflation and interest rates make the market began to dare to enter the capital market again to buy bonds, stocks and SUN. Invesor any suspected foreign entry even though the start in a small amount.

Meanwhile, regional currencies such as yen closed vary menguat Japan 1.21%, Korean won weakened 2.04%, the Philippines peso weakened 0.48%, Singapore dollar weakened 0.31%, Thailand bath menguat 0.03% and the Taiwan dollar menguat 0.05%.

SkinH3ad

2009-03-08T22:13:00.000+07:00

Skinhead was a sub-culture that was born in London, England at the end of the 1960 's. Now Skinhead spreads all through the hemisphere. The Skinhead name referred to the followers of this culture that his hair was cut bald. Before beginning him the Skinhead era, there was the group of the adolescent who was called by Mods that became the beginner to skinheads.
Although Skinhead was often associated with people's group that rasis and Neo- Nazi, but Skinhead actual not Neo- Nazi, because initially Skinhead was the oppressed group from the worker's class (especially the dock labourer) in London, England. Skinhead could also refer to to the person's group (usually the adolescent) that was fans Oi music! /streetpunk but also the punk.
Skinhead was the subculture that began in England in the era of ‘60-an, when Mods was mengharubiru the English young. Mods that initially was dominated by the young that come from from the middle circle above afterwards became an epidemic and touched each circle. Including the circle of the alias worker working class.
The young men from this circle although must work hard daily, some even as the manual labourer or the dock labourer, but continued to have the high taste in chose life style certain. They tried adapted life style that developed the pattern of the life, appetite as well as the wallet capacity.

Then in around 1965, in the Mods world was known also by the Smooth Mods term (Peacock Mods) that consisted of the middle circle stylish with the choice of the costume that was expensive as well as Hard Mods (lemonheads, the alley mods) that consisted of workers and was the young coconut would from Skinheads.
Hard mods afterwards just was known as the Skinheads group around 1968. The generation of this Skinheads pioneer is usually acknowledged as Trads (Traditional Skinheads) or Trojan Skinheads, in accordance with the name of the Trojan Records label.

Pakaian

This Trads group found it easy to be recognised from the suit like shirt button-up Ben Sherman, polo of Fred Perry, Bretel/suspender, tight jeans trousers, monkey boots, the jeans jacket, the Harrington jacket, V neck Sweater etc.. As well as that most important was the short hair discount, was different from the style of hair mods generally.
Pakaian especially because most fields of the work that was available did not allow the worker to have long hair let alone being in a random style was not uniform. Moreover, the short hair discount was regarded as the profit when must face the life of the hard street at that point. There were also those who believed that the choice had short hair was counter against life style the group hippie that was regarded as luxurious but also was developing in this period. More again far, a story told how that this choice came from port workers, like in the Liverpool city, that cut short their hair to avoid lice that often were gotten around the port.

Music

Because of Skinhead personally basically was a subculture not a genre or the musical current, the choice of his music then could beragam.Yang first definitely was roots they who came from Mods, Trads then initially really was affected R&B music in the style of British like from The Who, The Kinks etc.. However, they also terinspirasi by style in the style of Jamaican Rude Boy that also popular in England in the time. Rude Boy or Rudy was the term for the Jamaican immigrants who had black skin the lover of the dance and music from mereka.Hasil him, Trads then really enjoyed music ska, reggae, rocksteady, in fact until music soul etc.. Then occasionally, a person of Skinhead then took part in enjoying the wave from a singer soul like Aretha Franklin misalnya.Dari roots this could be investigated that basically Skinhead in no way was identical to rasis. As the general opinion generally. Because they then enjoyed culture from the black person's community. Moreover, quite a few of Skinhead that had black skin and was coloured

Racism

They got the stamp rasis the first time when several of Skinhead were involved clash several times with the Pakistani immigrant and the immigrant from South Asia (they mentioned him Paki-Bashing) in England in the era of ’60-an. The act of the violence that although although could not be justified this was triggered by the problem of the work. Where Skinhead that was workers felt their work land was increasingly narrow was urged by the arrival of the prepared immigrant to be paid lower. The label rasis afterwards increasingly adhered, one of them was after several of Skinhead combined and connected in the organisation white power, National Front that was formed in the beginning of ’70-an. Militancy and the Skinhead character that were hard typical workers could make them be made the implement and various interests of politics. Including being connected by understanding Neo Nazi. Although the history and the available reality could show the fact that berbeda.Sama with Mods fate his ancestors, the Skinhead prestige could meredup in the era of ’70-an

after beforehand reached the peak of their popularity during 1969.

They afterwards rose again, along with the birth of punk music in around 1977

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Plaxico Burress

2009-03-03T17:40:00.000+07:00

New York Giants wide receiver Plaxico Burress was accidentally shot in the leg at a nightclub, it was reported Saturday.

ESPN.com and Fox Sports.com indicated that the injury was not a danger to life. It was not clear how the club shooting took place. The website of Fox said Burress spent the night in hospital.

I put 't have anything for you at this stage, spokesman Pat Hanlon said team Associated Press of Giants Stadium before the Super Bowl champions left for a flight to Washington for a game Sunday against the Red Skins.

Telephone calls to Burress 'at home and repeated his agent, drew Rosenhaus, were not immediately returned.

Totowa Police in New Jersey, where Burress lives during the season, and New York City, where he visits occasionally in clubs, had no report of a shooting involving the player.

We collect information, just as everyone spokesman Joe Browne, NFL said otherwise.

Burress injured a tendon shank two weeks ago against Baltimore Ravens. The Giants said Friday that it does not play Sunday.

The 31-year-old receiver was suspended for a game against Seattle on October 5 and refined $ 117,500 for missing a meeting and a lack of equipment to inform the team of his absence. He said he had a family emergency.

He also was sentenced to $ 45,000 by the NFL for his conduct during a game Oct. 19 against the 49ers in which he abused an official and threw a ball into the stands.

Burress caught the winning pass in the Giants win la 'Super Bowl over the Patriots in New England. He signed a five-year, the $ 35 million contract hours before the season opened in September.

The signing came after an unsettling off-season when Burress was sentenced to $ 25,000 for refusing Minicamp during a practice mandatory in June. He also missed most of training camp at the University at Albany with an ankle heels. He insisted the damage - not his contract - kept him off the field.

Despite his lack of practice, Burress started in the opener against Washington and caught 10 passes 133 yards. The following week, he had five hooks for 81 yards and landing in a victory over St. Louis.

The rest of the season was not as productive. The most he has caught passes in any game since four years ago in a loss to Cleveland on October 13, the game that followed his suspension.

Burress has 35 hooks for 454 yards and four landings in the one season where he has consistently drawn double insurance. His streak of receptions in 115 consecutive games ended last week in Arizona. He aggravated his tendon damage shank during the first series and did not return.

It was the sixth-long active streak in the league, dating back to November 26, 2000 against Cincinnati, Burress 'novice season in Pittsburgh.

Signed as a free agent in 2005, Burress had caught a pass in each of the 56 previous games in which he played for the Giants.

Your printer may still be hazardous to your health

2009-02-22T00:12:00.001+07:00

In July 2007, an Australian research team quietly released a study that alleged that laser printers could release a fine, toxic dust -- "on the scale of inhaled cigarette smoke" -- whenever they were in use. Certain model printers were noted as being far better than others, but the upshot was that many office workers were probably being exposed to some nasty airborne particles that they really had no control over. The story exploded (and it became one of the biggest stories on Yahoo! Tech that year). Printer companies, of course, were not entirely thrilled with this information and disputed the findings vigorously.

Nearly two years later, the same researchers are back... with a vengeance. Their goal: To determine why some printers produced so many particles and some produced considerably fewer. Rather than test a few dozen printers, this time the research focused on two printers (both from HP): One known to produce a very small amount of particulate matter, and one which had been shown to produce about 1000 times as much. That's an enormous range for two printers from the same manufacturer.

To get to the point, here's what the study found: The temperature that the toner, lubricating oil, and certain internal printer components reach (and how fast they reach it) is what is largely responsible for causing the rise of particulate emissions. Once certain thresholds were crossed (which vary depending on the component), particulate emissions went through the roof. The study also found that toner itself isn't the real issue, but rather a complex secondary reaction that occurs in the air and involves organic compounds that originate on paper as well as toner, also involving airborne ozone, to produce the resulting emissions.

Without experimenting, there's no easy way to guess when these temperature thresholds are crossed, as temperature varies up and down during a print job, and not always in ways you'd expect. In the tests, both printers' temperature (and emissions) peaked in the first minute of a print job and then declined, but for the "bad" printer in the test, a second peak occured after two sustained minutes of printing. Ultimately, the study found that how well the printer controlled temperature levels was what was responsible for its emissions level. The report concludes by suggesting that printer companies should focus on this temperature issue in order to make their products potentially less dangerous to those who work around them.

Ars Technica has much more in-depth coverage of the study. The complete text of the report is available online as well, at a price of $30.

(And to attempt to stem the flood of email that this blog post is certain to generate: Remember, inkjet printers do not suffer from this problem and are generally considered "safe." And if you do have a laser printer, I unfortunately can't tell you how safe or dangerous a specific model might be.)

Human Tree Salep be killer Virus HPV

2009-02-13T21:07:00.001+07:00

Bandung (ANTARA) - Dede (38) trees will be given a human or salep special gel to kill the virus of human papiloma virus (HPV) or wart virus that menyerangnya.
Advertisement

Said Chairman Tim Penangananan Dede, dr Grace Dinata who accompanied Director RSHS Bandung, Prof. Dr. dr Rachiana cissy Sudjana Prawira, in persnya Goodbye to the journalist, in the Press Room RSHS Bandung, on Thursday.

"This Salep or gel will be smeared on the left arm Dede. This is still the pilot, because there is fear of side effects," said Rahmat.

According to him, salep this is a form of drug Cidofovir recommended by expert Dermatology from Maryland USA, Prof. Anthony Gaspari.

The telling, for giving this medication to Dede Cidofovir is feared will cause side effects such as swelling kidney Dede.

Therefore, to reduce side effects caused from the drug Cidofovir, the Pharmacy team and its successful ITB changing patterns of drug to the body Dede.

"If the first drug is liquid form so how to enter the body through Dede injected while now just dioles just because of salep," he said.

The states, the operation Dede ninth this time, the 1.6 Kg successful growth in the face, neck, and chest and running smoothly.

"Level difficulty operating time is not serumit previous operations, can say everything went smoothly-oiled it," said Rahmat dr.

Drug Cidofovir, a drug that contains the CITO megalo virus (CMV), which can kill human papiloma virus (HPV), which attacks the wart virus Dede, he said.

By the government

Director RSHS Bandung, Prof. Dr. dr Rachiana cissy Sudjana Prawira, states, all expenses will be borne by the government Dede.

"Because of Dede is a specific patient from the Ministry of Health, all financing by the government or Bu Menkes," he said.

According to him, since a few days ago, a copy of the financing for the operation and maintenance RSHS Dede in Bandung has been sent to the Minister of Health RI

»Sign Up Google AdSense to get money fast

2009-02-08T03:35:00.000+07:00

»Sign Up Google AdSense to get money fast

Google AdSense is a fast and easy way for website publishers of all sizes to display relevant, unobtrusive Google ads on their website's content pages and earn money. Because the ads are related to what your users are looking for on your site, you'll finally have a way to both monetize and enhance your content pages.

It's also a way for web site publishers to provide Google search to their site users, and to earn money by displaying Google ads on the search results pages.
The program is free, and combines pay-per-click and pay-per-impression advertising - meaning you get paid for valid clicks on the ads on your site or search results pages as well as impressions on your content pages. So go ahead and try this program. If you comply with this program policies, just complete online application and select either or both of AdSense for content pages and AdSense for search. One application gets you approved for both AdSense and AdSense for search - you can decide to use any combination of these products on your pages.

Google will review your application and follow up with an email within 2-3 days. If you are accepted into the program, you can log in to your new account and get the HTML code to insert into your web pages.

Earning Types: CPC, CPM, CPA
Payment: Check, EFT
Ad Types: Text, Image and Video based ads are available. Different ads on will pay different CPCs (EG Debt Consolidation CPCs might be $5 while game site CPCs might be $0.02)
payout: %40 - %70

following these simple rules will help keep your account in good standing:
1.Don't click on your own Google ads.
2.Don't ask others to click on Google ads.
3.Don't employ pop-up prompts or automatic software installations.
4.Be aware of how your site is promoted.
5.Don't place Google ads on sites that contain prohibited content.
6.Respect Google trademarks.
7.Don't tamper with the AdSense code.
8.Provide a positive user experience.
9.Provide a good environment for advertisers.
10.Be responsive.
11.Do not mask ad elements.
12.Do not place more than 3 ad units and 3 ad links or 2 adsense search boxes on any web page.
13.Do not run competitive contextual text ad or search services on the same site.
14.Never launch a New Page for clicked ads by default.
15.Place ads only on Content Pages.
16.Do not alter the results after ad clicks or searches

AdsSpy: 7 sites by this AdSense ID

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Sandhuniforms

2009-02-08T03:32:00.002+07:00

Sandhuniforms site offers different types of clothing such as formal wear, high visibility, carhartt / Dickies, jingles, medical Uniforms, boots and shoes, chef's apparel, chef uniforms, and many more types of other clothing.
quotes from sandhuniforms quite interesting, with a relatively cheap price you can buy clothes with a quality above average.
clothes from sandhuniforms very comfortable in use, you will not feel hot, but you will feel the coolness. because material used to make clothes from this, made from materials that can absorb sweat.
if you do not believe what I say, better you buy directly and proof that you trust me.because you will not be disappointed after buying clothes from the clothing.

sandhuniforms target is to sell clothing with the best quality most affordable price.
sandhuniforms also give discounts for all types of clothes. and given also that the discount varies. ranging between 15 - 35%
order now and feel very comfortable about clothing from sandhuniforms.
if you order the wholesaler, then you are entitled to receive a bonus from sandhuniforms.
to order you can use the internet facilities. because sandhuniforms serve customers 24 hour online.

See you in my another articles. i hope you enjoy it. and in other time please coming here again. thank's
and have a nice day's

Skinhead was a sub-culture

2009-02-06T01:21:00.000+07:00

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Hotel Paris

2009-02-06T01:13:00.002+07:00

Hotel Paris is very interesting, because the free registration. And more with a variety of accommodation. With living in the Hotel Paris you will enjoy very delicious food every day, and you would think that France is correct way to enjoy life. indeed, stay in the Hotels Paris is very fun.

Obama was Moslem

2009-02-04T02:14:00.000+07:00

Obama affirmed in, of December I 'VE always be, of Christian and he resolutely denied ever to have been a Moslem. Seul connection I the 'VE owed Islam is that my father of my father 'on side of S came from this country [Kenya]. But I the 'VE never practised Islam. In February, it asserted: I was never a Moslem. other that my name and the fact that I lived in a populeux Moslem country during 4 years when I were a child [Indonesia, 1967-71] I have very small connection with the Islamic religion.

Always and never leave little part for the equivocation. But much of biographical facts, gathered mainly American press, suggest that, while growing, the Democratic candidate for the president saw himself and was seen as a Moslem.

Obama 'Kenyan father of birth of S: In Islam, the religion passes from the father to the child. Barack Hussein Obama, Sr. (1936-1982) was a Moslem who called his boy Barack Hussein Obama, JR. Only Moslem children are called Hussein .

Obama 'indon�sien family of S: His/her father, Soetoro Milk, were also a Moslem. In fact, like Obama 'half-sister of S, Soetoro-NG of Maya explained to Jodi Kantor of NewYork Times: My whole family was Moslem, and the major part of the people whom I knew was Moslem. Publication indon�sienne, the post of Banjarmasin brings back a former classmate, Rony Amir, pointing out that all the parents of Barry of 'father of S were the very devout Moslems.

The Catholic school: Nedra Pickler of Associated Press announces that documents showed that it was registered as a Moslem while at a Catholic school during initially through the third categories. Kim Barker of Chicago Tribune confirms that Obama was enumerated as a Moslem on the card for the Catholic school. Has the blogger which passes American Expat to Southeast Asia noted that Barack Hussein Obama was recorded under the name of Barry Soetoro serial number 203 and entered to the elementary school franciscaine of Asisi on January 1, 1968 and rested in the class 1B. Barry 'religion of S were enumerated like Islam.

The school of State: Paul Watson of Los Angeles Times learned from Indonesiean familiarized with Obama when he lived in Jakarta that he was recorded by his family as a Moslem at the two schools which he attended. Haroon Siddiqui of star of Toronto visited the school of State of Jakarta Obama occupied and noted that three of its professors indicated that it was registered as a Moslem. Although Siddiqui informs that with the school records the missings, eaten by bugs, one must count on people 'memories of shift of S that, it quotes only one reprocessed professor, Hahiyari tooth, returning its certainty earlier about Obama 'of S being recorded as a Moslem.

Classify of Coran: In its autobiography, the dreams of my father, Obama brings back how it had troubles to make faces during Koranic studies, indicating of this fact it were Moslems, because the students indon�siens in his day followed the religious classes according to their faith. Indeed, Obama always maintains the knowledge of this class: Nicholas D. Kristof of NewYork Times, reports that Obama pointed out the lines of opening of the Arab call to the prayer, the exhibitor [in Kristof] with an accent of first order.

Assistance of mosque: Obama 'half-sister of S pointed out that the family went to the mosque for communal great events. Watson learned from the friends of childhood that Obama sometimes attacked the prayers of Friday to the local mosque. Barker noted that Obama from time to time followed his/her father to the mosque for prayers of Friday. A friend of Indonesia, Zulfin the ADI, declares that Obama was Moslem. It went to the mosque. I remember to use it a sarong (a clothing related to the Moslems).

Piety: Obama itself indicates that while living in Indonesia, a Moslem country, him didn ', of practice as regards T [Islam] recognizing a Moslem identity implicitly. Indonesians differ in their memories from him. One, Rony Amir, described like Obama previously completely religious in Islam.

Obama 's be having incipient and raised a Moslem and having left the faith to go well to a Christian do it more neither nor less qualified to become President of the United States. But if it had been born and raised a Moslem and hides this fact now, this indicates an important deception, a fundamental declaration about which has major implications about its character and of its suitability as president.

APA YANG SEBENARNYA AKAN TERJADI PADA 21 DESEMBER 2012 ?

2009-02-01T03:00:00.003+07:00

Pertama-tama bilang permisi dulu ama yang punya blog supermance.com. coz aku kopas postingannya. hehehehehe boleh yaaaaa......

The South Pole Telescope

Menghabiskan biaya milyaran dolar untuk melacak posisi perjalanan dari sebuah planet yang sangat penting ( yang kabarnya akan menabrak planet Bumi ) yaitu Planet X- Nibiru

Mengapa tiba-tiba pemerintahan di dunia membangun bunker yang berukuran sangat besar yang di dalamnya dipenuhi dengan bibit-bibit kehidupan ( tanaman & spesies) ?

Svalbard Doomsday Seed Vault

Investor utama dari proyek ini adalah Bill Gates dan Keluarga Rockefeller

Apakah mereka mengetahui sesuatu yang kita tidak ketahui ?

Bunker Rahasia

Didesain khusus untuk menyelamatkan para kaum elite dunia

Mereka telah merencanakan rencana keselamatan mereka sendiri, tetapi mereka tidak bisa menyelamatkan semua orang …

Phil Schneider : Dibunuh

Dia telah memberitahu dunia apa yang seharusnya dirahasiakan
Tak lama setelah itu, Phill ditemukan tewas di apartemennya …

APA YANG SEBENARNYA AKAN TERJADI PADA 21 DESEMBER 2012 ?

Hamas leaders Call Attacks As Israel Holocaust | Palestinians Warn Israel Citizen, Will Escalate Attacks

2009-01-11T07:49:00.006+07:00

HAMAS ATTACK | HAMAS SNIPER

Damascus - Hamas leader Khaled Meshaal point Israel has been doing 'Holocaust' in Gaza. According to him, Israel's military action only to the Gaza jail in a sea of blood '.

"I ask you O people of Israel, what you may have with the war that you support this? What do you get to kill unless the child is not guilty and create piles skull and blood in the sea of Gaza?" seru Meshaal in Syria in a speech broadcast station-Arab television stations such as dilansir Reuters, Saturday (10/1/2009).

"What you achieve, except that with the Holocaust pemimpinmu want to win the upcoming election?" he added.

Holocaust is the term for his slaughter of the Jews by Nazi Germany during World War II. Around 6 million Jews Hitler became victims of violence in these events.

Meshaal who lives in Syria that Israel deliberately rate target civilians for merontokkan moral of the militants in Gaza. He repeatedly called cease-fire conditions and the desired Hamas, such diakhirinya blockade Israel that was one of the causes of Hamas are reluctant to continue the peace agreement.

Meshaal also said, Israel to attack Gaza will not achieve success militernya. Evidence is still rocket launched by the Palestinians to Israel. "You have created a resistance in every home and the city," specifically.

Israel, Meshaal go, even less in international opinion. Evidence demonstration was held in order to investigate the entire attack Israel.

"We live in the middle of the days most difficult of the war. What we need is a strong resistance in Gaza and the support of the Arab world, Islamic, and international aggression until this enemy over and back," exclaim him.

Palestinians Warn Israel Citizen, Will Escalate Attacks

Jerusalem - Israel distribute leaflets in the Gaza Strip in order to warn people of Palestine that they will increase military attack. Leaflets appear speculation that it will mark a new attack tactics diadopsinya by Israel.

As written BBC, Saturday (10/1/2009), leaflets and a telephone message that was delivered to Gaza residents told to keep distance from the places belonging to Hamas because of Israel (Israeli Defense Forces) does not stray Gaza residents, but 'only Hamas and the terrorist '.

One phone message states that the 'third phase' of the military operation will begin. According to the BBC correspondent, the third stage could mean that the army of Israel will go to more cities and refugee camps. This will bring new risks to both Israeli soldiers and civilians in Gaza.

On Saturday yesterday, attacks have destroyed dozens of Israeli targets, including places of the launch rocket, magazine, and smuggling routes. According to Israel, Hamas has 30 missile shoot again the citizens of Israel injure 2 in Ashkelon.

In this attack, at least 800 people and 13 Palestinian citizens of Israel are reported killed.

Help on the First Stroke

2008-12-14T17:57:00.001+07:00

Abdurahman, 43 years old, have been in the habit of preparing the needle near the place of one. He is not running the "behavior" to deepen knowledge certain. Needle is the tool first. "If the stroke, or my wife is ready to act," he said. But it first.
Rahman had affected the news circulating widely in the mailing list on the first stroke. In which unnoticed originally stated that, when exposed to the attack of stroke, immediately tusukkan needle tip to 10 fingers. Puncture point approximately one centimeter from the fingertips. Point out that the blood of attacks and stroke patient immediately restored.

Glance, this makes sense. For, if the people affected by stroke, blood coagulation happens to the brain. So, bite the reaction resulted from blood vessels, so that the flow of blood back lancarlah.
The understanding of stroke is the loss of some brain functions sudden or abrupt result sumbatan or brain blood vessel bursting. "Now, if the attack because the stroke broken blood vessel, thus accelerating the death of puncture," said the doctor stroke experts, Salim Harris. In other words: do not believe, based on suggestions not like that. The risk is too great.

Then Salim, who is also Chairman of the Specialist Physician Sarif Perhimpunan Indonesia Jakarta Branch, shows how the handling stroke patients before being taken to a doctor. First, patients are placed in the recumbent position sleeping pillow and given to the head elevation angle formed about 30 degrees. This provides an opportunity to reverse the flow of blood to the lower body. After about 30 minutes, the new patient was brought to the hospital.
Thus the people do not didudukkan or moved other body parts, such as suggestions on the mailing list. For, if it is done, the patient will increasingly lack of oxygen. "Because each movement requires oxygen. While the stroke, the body is the lack of oxygen, "said Salim.
"Do not be given fluids, including sugar water. Although it can be, do not let the streets or sitting in the car, "he said. Drink feared damage to other organs, and if the entrance to the lungs but can result in infection. Developing countries, a position that is the best lie in the head with a pillow as mentioned above.

Prohibition is to provide medicines high blood. According to Salim, the blood pressure low or high extreme danger for people with the same stroke attack.

Therefore, if the stroke patients, the cause must be seen first overall. "I just have to see a doctor as a result of CT scan or take steps to the right therapy. Can not by being pin-ears or fingers, "he said. Scanner (CT scan) is the best inspection standards (raw gold) for stroke.

In the attack stroke famous term "time is Brain" and the "golden hours". The sooner treatment increasingly minimize the symptoms of stroke from the rest. Period gap rescue, which is known by the term window therapy (Therapeutic window) stroke, is six to eight hours after the attack. The correct handling of early will at least reduce disability attack sufferer stroke up to 30 percent.

It's reasonable if a stroke for people bugaboo. For, stroke with coronary heart disease, including cardiovascular disease the number one killer in the world. It is estimated every three minutes, one person died as a result of the disease. Vengeance this disease are the main cause of disability in adults.

At the stroke patient will decline in quality of life is very large. Collaboration is also very dependent on family or people in surrounding areas. Disability can occur which are permanent, causing other problems that do not lose peliknya.

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Breast cancer

2008-11-30T17:03:00.001+07:00

Cancer (medical term: malignant neoplasm) is a class of diseases in which a group of cells display uncontrolled growth (division beyond the normal limits), invasion (intrusion on and destruction of adjacent tissues), and sometimes metastasis (spread to other locations in the body via lymph or blood). These three malignant properties of cancers differentiate them from benign tumors, which are self-limited, do not invade or metastasize. Most cancers form a tumor but some, like leukemia, do not. The branch of medicine concerned with the study, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of cancer is oncology.

Breast cancer may affect people at all ages, even fetuses, but the risk for most varieties increases with age. Cancer causes about 13% of all deaths. According to the American Breast cancer Society, 7.6 million people died from cancer in the world during 2007. Breast cancer can affect all animals.

Nearly all cancers are caused by abnormalities in the genetic material of the transformed cells. These abnormalities may be due to the effects of carcinogens, such as tobacco smoke, radiation, chemicals, or infectious agents. Other cancer-promoting genetic abnormalities may be randomly acquired through errors in DNA replication, or are inherited, and thus present in all cells from birth. The heritability of cancers are usually affected by complex interactions between carcinogens and the host's genome. New aspects of the genetics of cancer pathogenesis, such as DNA methylation, and microRNAs are increasingly recognized as important.

Genetic abnormalities found in cancer typically affect two general classes of genes. Breast cancer-promoting oncogenes are typically activated in Breast cancer cells, giving those cells new properties, such as hyperactive growth and division, protection against programmed cell death, loss of respect for normal tissue boundaries, and the ability to become established in diverse tissue environments. Tumor suppressor genes are then inactivated in cancer cells, resulting in the loss of normal functions in those cells, such as accurate DNA replication, control over the cell cycle, orientation and adhesion within tissues, and interaction with protective cells of the immune system.

Diagnosis usually requires the histologic examination of a tissue biopsy specimen by a pathologist, although the initial indication of malignancy can be symptoms or radiographic imaging abnormalities. Most cancers can be treated and some cured, depending on the specific type, location, and stage. Once diagnosed, cancer is usually treated with a combination of surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. As research develops, treatments are becoming more specific for different varieties of cancer. There has been significant progress in the development of targeted therapy drugs that act specifically on detectable molecular abnormalities in certain tumors, and which minimize damage to normal cells. The prognosis of cancer patients is most influenced by the type of cancer, as well as the stage, or extent of the disease. In addition, histologic grading and the presence of specific molecular markers can also be useful in establishing prognosis, as well as in determining individual treatments.

Plaxico Burress

2008-11-30T01:55:00.000+07:00

New York Giants wide receiver Plaxico Burress was accidentally shot in the leg at a nightclub, it was reported Saturday.

ESPN.com and Fox Sports.com indicated that the injury was not a danger to life. It was not clear how the club shooting took place. The website of Fox said Burress spent the night in hospital.

I put 't have anything for you at this stage, spokesman Pat Hanlon said team Associated Press of Giants Stadium before the Super Bowl champions left for a flight to Washington for a game Sunday against the Red Skins.

Telephone calls to Burress 'at home and repeated his agent, drew Rosenhaus, were not immediately returned.

Totowa Police in New Jersey, where Burress lives during the season, and New York City, where he visits occasionally in clubs, had no report of a shooting involving the player.

We collect information, just as everyone spokesman Joe Browne, NFL said otherwise.

Burress injured a tendon shank two weeks ago against Baltimore Ravens. The Giants said Friday that it does not play Sunday.

The 31-year-old receiver was suspended for a game against Seattle on October 5 and refined $ 117,500 for missing a meeting and a lack of equipment to inform the team of his absence. He said he had a family emergency.

He also was sentenced to $ 45,000 by the NFL for his conduct during a game Oct. 19 against the 49ers in which he abused an official and threw a ball into the stands.

Burress caught the winning pass in the Giants win la 'Super Bowl over the Patriots in New England. He signed a five-year, the $ 35 million contract hours before the season opened in September.

The signing came after an unsettling off-season when Burress was sentenced to $ 25,000 for refusing Minicamp during a practice mandatory in June. He also missed most of training camp at the University at Albany with an ankle heels. He insisted the damage - not his contract - kept him off the field.

Despite his lack of practice, Burress started in the opener against Washington and caught 10 passes 133 yards. The following week, he had five hooks for 81 yards and landing in a victory over St. Louis.

The rest of the season was not as productive. The most he has caught passes in any game since four years ago in a loss to Cleveland on October 13, the game that followed his suspension.

Burress has 35 hooks for 454 yards and four landings in the one season where he has consistently drawn double insurance. His streak of receptions in 115 consecutive games ended last week in Arizona. He aggravated his tendon damage shank during the first series and did not return.

It was the sixth-long active streak in the league, dating back to November 26, 2000 against Cincinnati, Burress 'novice season in Pittsburgh.

Signed as a free agent in 2005, Burress had caught a pass in each of the 56 previous games in which he played for the Giants.

badak

2008-11-26T22:19:00.002+07:00

heeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee

mumuet kiiiiiieeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee

loso

2008-11-26T22:12:00.000+07:00

loso Prnya turun semua hikz2

jadi makin susah nie dapet money buat beli house

Type rest of the post here

Eksekusi mate amrozi cs | eksekusi amrozi cs | The execution died of amrozi CS

2008-11-09T12:36:00.002+07:00

Jakarta - Amrozi Cs has dieksekusi by the team of the execution from the Agung Attorney General's Office, on Sunday (9/11/2008) around struck 00,15 of WIB. Eksekusi this was hoped that the community did not develop radicalism.

"Hoped for after this the Indonesian community learned to not develop radicalism that used the violence," said Fraksi Prosperous Justice Party Chairman (FPKS) Mahfudz Siddiq in the message of the shortness to detikcom, on Sunday (9/11/2008).

The execution against the perpetrators of this I bali bombing also was regarded as the form of the assurance of the law. "This case gave the assurance" of the "law for all the sides, aside from various controversies inside," said Mahfudz. Mahfudz hoped, after this execution was carried out, the government was more serious handled radicalism.

"While the government was also more serious overcame various potential problems killed-make fertile radicalism," said this calm man. To the family, Mahfudz asked that they were sincere and patient in facing this ordeal. "All the intentions and the good deed were returned to Allah, the last judge that Maha Adil and had not been wrong in judged," pungkas him

http://www.detiknews.com

fifth king of Bhutan

2008-11-07T17:41:00.001+07:00

The nation of the tiny Himalayas of Bhutan crowned its new king yesterday in a ceremony which saw that thousands trek snow-covered villages with the capital, Thimphu, to be greeted by refined postings of the pageantry leading to the ritual Buddhists exasperate-filled.

The crowning of Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck as a fifth king of Bhutan comes after waiting two years the exact moment considered most favourable for a successful reign.

It is also part of a plan by his/her father venerated, who abdicated in 2006, to modernize his country of 635.000 people while finishing more than the 100 years of absolute royal rule. The first parliamentary elections were held in March.

The nomination started with the noise of the drums, the cymbals and the trumpets and saw the royal family, heads of government and the country the 'abbot as a Buddhist chief of S goes up in the gold room of throne in white-walled Tashichhodzong, which them average fortress of the glorious religion .

When the clocks struck the local time of the 8:31 AM, the former king, Jigme Singye Wangchuck, 52, placed the crown of Raven on the head of his older son, making at 28 years the gyalpo of druk, or with king of dragon.

The new king then walked by a guard of honour, after three high banners on four levels depicting the lives of Buddha and of the gurus who brought the faith to Bhutan, to a temple on other side of Tashichhodzong.

Bhutan between now in three days and nights of the festivities, and even stopped its network of mobilophone for the occasion.

King Khesar is known because a player of sharp tennis shoe and his good glances gained hearts through India of the North-East and the Southeast Asia. Informed at the University of Oxford, it maintains strong bonds with Great Britain.

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sak-sak nya

2008-11-05T18:24:00.002+07:00

hari hari yang membingungkan (diriku sedang berandai-andai)

yach gtu dee. sama kayak judulnya
tiap hari kurs DOLLAR naek turun gag tentu arah
sebenernya enak juga seee. bisa BUSINESS jual beli mata uang asing? MONEY CHANGER

kapan yaaaa nilai paling puncak kurs dollar dateng???
dan brapa???
15rb ato bisa nyampe 25rb/1 dollar ato bahkan nyampe 50rb/dollar??? GILE BENER..............

trus cuman bertahan 1-3hari
hari berikutnya anjlok jadi 5rb ato jdi 2rban????

wah yang punya dollar banyak pasti pada happy-happy tuuu ya gag???
and org indonesia juga bakal heppy kan tu sama aja nurunin harga barang-barang, electronic khususnya
Jadi bisa beli lappy yg harga 12 jt(waktu dollar 50) dibeli dengan harga 1,2jt( dollar 5rb)
masa dari dulu mo upgrade COMPUTER aja susahnya minta ampun
udah ngincer barang trus nabung buat beli tu barang, setelah duit dah ngumpul eeeeeee barang mo beli tu barang harganya dah naek lagi. NGESELIN GAG TUU!!!!!!!!!!
pending lagi buat beli tu barang.

akukan orgnya pas-pasan buat makan sehari-hari aja susah apalagi buat ditabung
jadi yaaa harap maklum kalo lama ngumpulnya. xixixixixixixixi

apalagi yaa jadi bingung mo ngomong apa......

INSURANCE yang bagus apa yaaa
and asuransi tu buat apa seee?? gag udeng aku, malah bingung

dah ah mo nulis apa lagi yaaa mboh lah

PO YO TAK PIKIER. SAK IKHLAS E LAH

PIIIIIISSSSSSS.........................

AGAR COWO SETIA|BAGAIMANA CARA MENEMBAK CEWEK|CARA TELEPON CEWEK YANG BAIK|BOCORAN HITMANSYSTEM|CARA-CARA CIUMAN|TIPS MENEMBAK CEWE|CARA-CARA CIUMAN|HORNY COWOK|ARTI PENGORBANAN|CARA-CARA CIUMAN|TIPS BIAR CEWEK MAU ML|CARA-CARA CIUMAN|CARA-CARA MENARIK PERHATIAN COWOK|SEBAB CEWEK MUDAH HORNY|CARA-CARA CIUMAN|CARA BIKIN CEWE HORNY|APA ITU HORNY|GAYA COWOK MASA KINI|CARA-CARA CIUMAN|CARA BALIKAN SAMA MANTAN KEKASIH

Masa Kadaluwarsa Tabung LPG

2008-10-20T23:01:00.000+07:00

Beberapa orang mungkin sudah mengetahui hal ini; tetapi mungkin banyak
juga yang belum tahu. Apakah kita mengetahui bahwa ada juga suatu
tanggal kadaluwarsa untuk tabung LPG. Tabung yang sudah kadaluwarsa
tidaklah aman untuk digunakan dan
bisa menyebabkan kecelakaan seperti
yang baru saja terjadi di suatu kawasan di Jakarta Bulan yang lalu
(Tabung Gas meledak). Mengenai hal ini berhati-hati ketika menerima
tabung LPG dari penjual manapun.

Berikut ini adalah bagaimana kita dapat memeriksa masa kadaluwarsa dari
tabung LPG, tanggal kadaluwarsa
ditulis dalam alfa code sesuai nomornya
sebagai A atau B atau C atau D dan sekitar dua digit angka mengikutinya,

Contohnya:
D 06

Abjad mewakili empat bulanan (1
kwartal),


A untuk bulan Maret,
B untuk bulan Juni,
C untuk bulan September dan
D untuk bulan Desember


Dua digit angka berikutnya merupakan tahun kadaluwarsa.

Makanya "D06 berarti Desember 2006".

Sebarkan pengetahuan ini, siapa tahu bermanfaat.. .

Parasetamol Menyebabkan Asma pada Anak

2008-10-20T22:54:00.000+07:00

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Bayi dan balita yang diberi obat penurun panas dan nyeri parasetamol memiliki kemungkinan besar terserang asma atau eksem ketika mereka menginjak usia sekolah dasar. Hal ini disimpulkan oleh suatu penelitian terbaru. "Akan tetapi para orang tua tidak perlu cemas, dan jangan pula berhenti menggunakan parasetamol bila anak mereka demam, karena penelitian ini belum terlalu jelas menjelaskan apakah parasetamol saja yang menyebabkan asma dan eksem ini", kata seorang ahli pernafasan di Australia.

Penelitian ini, yang dipublikasikan oleh The Lancet, menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan parasetamol pada anak umur satu tahun dapat meningkatkan risiko terkena penyakit alergi (asma/eksem) ketika anak tersebut menginjak umur 7 tahun. Kemungkinannya adalah 50%.

"Anak yang lebih sering diberi parasetamol memiliki kemungkinan sebesar 3 kali lipat terkena asma dan reaksi alergi pada hidung (rhino conjunctivitis) , serta kemungkinan terkena eksem sebesar 2 kali lipat", kata Prof. Richard Beasley, ketua tim peneliti pada Medical Research Institute di Selandia Baru.

Penelitian ini melibatkan 200 ribu anak dari 31 negara, dan dianggap dapat menjelaskan misteri mengenai meningkatnya kasus asma pada anak-anak di Australia dan Selandia Baru sepanjang masa 50 tahun terakhir ini.

Namun Prof. Beasley mengatakan juga bahwa penelitian ini masih harus ditopang oleh penelitian sejenis yang lain, sehingga saat ini hasil penelitian tersebut belum dianggap cukup kuat untuk menghentikan pemakaian parasetamol.

Hasil penelitian Prof. Beasley tersebut mendukung rekomendasi World Health Organization (WHO) baru-baru ini yang menyatakan agar parasetamol tidak digunakan secara rutin, namun hanya untuk kondisi demam yang benar-benar tinggi.

Dr. Raymond Mullins, seorang konsultan kesehatan dan presiden pada Australasian Society for Clinical Immunology and Allergy mengatakan bahwa penemuan ini adalah fenomena yang menarik yang berpotensi mengubah metode pengobatan demam.

Akan tetapi peneliti lain, yaitu Dr. Adrian Lowe, menyatakan bahwa mungkin ada penjelasan lain mengenai penyebab asma ini. "Ada sejumlah infeksi yang dikaitkan juga dengan terjadinya asma pada anak-anak, jadi pada penelitian demikian adalah sangat sukar untuk menentukan apakah parasetamol ataukah juga infeksi tertentu yang menyebabkan kasus asma tersebut".

Semoga artikelnya bermanfaat,

Salam,

Apoteker di www.apoteker. info

2008-10-19T01:34:00.001+07:00

lemasnya diriku. molai ngeblog dari awal lagee nie

Type rest of the post here

DDR2 VS DDR3

2008-10-08T01:35:00.000+07:00

About three years ago DDR2 memory first appeared on the desktop PC scene. It would be impossible to say it burst on the scene since it was introduced with the unimpressive Intel NetBurst processors. In that market DDR2 was more like a trickle since it was mainly a curiosity for a processor that was running a distant second place to the leading AMD Athlon chips, which were still powered by DDR memory.

DDR2 finally became the universal standard last May/June when AMD switched to DDR2 on their new AM2 platform and Intel introduced Core 2 Duo, the new CPU performance leader. Core 2 Duo resided on socket 775, which also was fed by DDR2. While it sometimes seems like centuries ago, it is worth remembering that Intel Core 2 Duo regained the CPU performance crown less than a year ago, and the two years prior to that all the fastest systems used AMD Athlon 64/X2/FX processors.

We compared performance of DDR2 on the new platforms in July of last year. AM2 provided better bandwidth with DDR2, but the better AM2 bandwidth did not translate into better performance. Since Core 2 Duo was faster at the same timings, it appeared the Intel Core 2 Duo architecture was not particularly bandwidth hungry and that it made very good use of the DDR2 bandwidth that was available with the chipset memory controller.

Since last May/June DDR2 has finally turned the market, and it has made some remarkable transformations along the way. The early 5-5-5 timings at the official DDR2-800 speed have since been replaced by several high performance memories capable of 3-3-3 timings at DDR2-800. The best memory at DDR2-1066 can now operate at 4-4-3 timings, and the fastest DDR2 is now around DDR2-1266 and still getting faster.

Perhaps even more remarkable, in the last year DDR2 memory prices have dropped to half of what they once were (sometimes more), and today DDR2 is often cheaper than the DDR memory it replaced. Compared to the very expensive prices at launch and into the holiday buying season we see DDR2 is now the memory price standard in the desktop computer market.

Fast forward a year and Intel is now launching their first chipsets to support DDR3 memory. In one of the sloppiest NDA launches in recent memory we already have P35 boards for sale since early May. The official chipset introduction is scheduled for May 21^st and boards are "officially" launching into the retail channel on June 4^th.

We can tell you that Intel does not really have an NDA, but they have been very aggressive in holding first tier manufacturers to a May 21^st performance embargo and retail distribution on June 4^th. Despite that, people around the world have been able to buy P35 boards from several retailers. We have retail boards we bought on the open market, which makes the 21^st NDA a moot point in our opinion. Still, we value our relationship with both Intel and the major board makers, so this will not be a full P35 launch review. You will see that coming on May 21^st.

What this review does address is the performance of the new DDR3 memory that is launched with P35. The new Intel P35 chipset, known as Bearlake during development, supports either DDR2 or DDR3 memory. This presented a perfect opportunity to look at the performance of both DDR3 and DDR2 on the new P35 chipset. We were also able to compare performance to a Gold Editors' Choice Intel P965 motherboard. The results of these comparisons provided interesting results about the capabilities of the new P35 memory controller. It also answered the question of whether you should care about DDR3 in any upcoming system purchase.

UntitledPrinciples of insurance

2008-09-17T01:55:00.004+07:00

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v • d • e

Commercially insurable risks typically share seven common characteristics.^[1]

A large number of homogeneous exposure units. The vast majority of insurance policies are provided for individual members of very large classes. Automobile insurance, for example, covered about 175 million automobiles in the United States in 2004.^[2] The existence of a large number of homogeneous exposure units allows insurers to benefit from the so-called “law of large numbers,” which in effect states that as the number of exposure units increases, the actual results are increasingly likely to become close to expected results. There are exceptions to this criterion. Lloyd's of London is famous for insuring the life or health of actors, actresses and sports figures. Satellite Launch insurance covers events that are infrequent. Large commercial property policies may insure exceptional properties for which there are no ‘homogeneous’ exposure units. Despite failing on this criterion, many exposures like these are generally considered to be insurable.
Definite Loss. The event that gives rise to the loss that is subject to insurance should, at least in principle, take place at a known time, in a known place, and from a known cause. The classic example is death of an insured person on a life insurance policy. Fire, automobile accidents, and worker injuries may all easily meet this criterion. Other types of losses may only be definite in theory. Occupational disease, for instance, may involve prolonged exposure to injurious conditions where no specific time, place or cause is identifiable. Ideally, the time, place and cause of a loss should be clear enough that a reasonable person, with sufficient information, could objectively verify all three elements.
Accidental Loss. The event that constitutes the trigger of a claim should be fortuitous, or at least outside the control of the beneficiary of the insurance. The loss should be ‘pure,’ in the sense that it results from an event for which there is only the opportunity for cost. Events that contain speculative elements, such as ordinary business risks, are generally not considered insurable.
Large Loss. The size of the loss must be meaningful from the perspective of the insured. Insurance premiums need to cover both the expected cost of losses, plus the cost of issuing and administering the policy, adjusting losses, and supplying the capital needed to reasonably assure that the insurer will be able to pay claims. For small losses these latter costs may be several times the size of the expected cost of losses. There is little point in paying such costs unless the protection offered has real value to a buyer.
Affordable Premium. If the likelihood of an insured event is so high, or the cost of the event so large, that the resulting premium is large relative to the amount of protection offered, it is not likely that anyone will buy insurance, even if on offer. Further, as the accounting profession formally recognizes in financial accounting standards, the premium cannot be so large that there is not a reasonable chance of a significant loss to the insurer. If there is no such chance of loss, the transaction may have the form of insurance, but not the substance. (See the U.S. Financial Accounting Standards Board standard number 113)
Calculable Loss. There are two elements that must be at least estimable, if not formally calculable: the probability of loss, and the attendant cost. Probability of loss is generally an empirical exercise, while cost has more to do with the ability of a reasonable person in possession of a copy of the insurance policy and a proof of loss associated with a claim presented under that policy to make a reasonably definite and objective evaluation of the amount of the loss recoverable as a result of the claim.
Limited risk of catastrophically large losses. The essential risk is often aggregation. If the same event can cause losses to numerous policyholders of the same insurer, the ability of that insurer to issue policies becomes constrained, not by factors surrounding the individual characteristics of a given policyholder, but by the factors surrounding the sum of all policyholders so exposed. Typically, insurers prefer to limit their exposure to a loss from a single event to some small portion of their capital base, on the order of 5 percent. Where the loss can be aggregated, or an individual policy could produce exceptionally large claims, the capital constraint will restrict an insurer's appetite for additional policyholders. The classic example is earthquake insurance, where the ability of an underwriter to issue a new policy depends on the number and size of the policies that it has already underwritten. Wind insurance in hurricane zones, particularly along coast lines, is another example of this phenomenon. In extreme cases, the aggregation can affect the entire industry, since the combined capital of insurers and reinsurers can be small compared to the needs of potential policyholders in areas exposed to aggregation risk. In commercial fire insurance it is possible to find single properties whose total exposed value is well in excess of any individual insurer’s capital constraint. Such properties are generally shared among several insurers, or are insured by a single insurer who syndicates the risk into the reinsurance market.

Indemnification

Main article: Indemnity

The technical definition of "indemnity" means to make whole again. There are two types of insurance contracts; 1) an "indemnity" policy and 2) a "pay on behalf" or "on behalf of"^[3] policy. The difference is significant on paper, but rarely material in practice.

An "indemnity" policy will never pay claims until the insured has paid out of pocket to some third party; for example, a visitor to your home slips on a floor that you left wet and sues you for $10,000 and wins. Under an "indemnity" policy the homeowner would have to come up with the $10,000 to pay for the visitor's fall and then would be "indemnified" by the insurance carrier for the out of pocket costs (the $10,000)^[4].

Under the same situation, a "pay on behalf" policy, the insurance carrier would pay the claim and the insured (the homeowner) would not be out of pocket for anything. Most modern liability insurance is written on the basis of "pay on behalf" language^[5].

An entity seeking to transfer risk (an individual, corporation, or association of any type, etc.) becomes the 'insured' party once risk is assumed by an 'insurer', the insuring party, by means of a contract, called an insurance 'policy'. Generally, an insurance contract includes, at a minimum, the following elements: the parties (the insurer, the insured, the beneficiaries), the premium, the period of coverage, the particular loss event covered, the amount of coverage (i.e., the amount to be paid to the insured or beneficiary in the event of a loss), and exclusions (events not covered). An insured is thus said to be "indemnified" against the loss events covered in the policy.

When insured parties experience a loss for a specified peril, the coverage entitles the policyholder to make a 'claim' against the insurer for the covered amount of loss as specified by the policy. The fee paid by the insured to the insurer for assuming the risk is called the 'premium'. Insurance premiums from many insureds are used to fund accounts reserved for later payment of claims—in theory for a relatively few claimants—and for overhead costs. So long as an insurer maintains adequate funds set aside for anticipated losses (i.e., reserves), the remaining margin is an insurer's profit.

insurers' business model

Profit = earned premium + investment income - incurred loss - underwriting expenses.

Insurers make money in two ways: (1) through underwriting, the process by which insurers select the risks to insure and decide how much in premiums to charge for accepting those risks and (2) by investing the premiums they collect from insured parties.

The most complicated aspect of the insurance business is the underwriting of policies. Using a wide assortment of data, insurers predict the likelihood that a claim will be made against their policies and price products accordingly. To this end, insurers use actuarial science to quantify the risks they are willing to assume and the premium they will charge to assume them. Data is analyzed to fairly accurately project the rate of future claims based on a given risk. Actuarial science uses statistics and probability to analyze the risks associated with the range of perils covered, and these scientific principles are used to determine an insurer's overall exposure. Upon termination of a given policy, the amount of premium collected and the investment gains thereon minus the amount paid out in claims is the insurer's underwriting profit on that policy. Of course, from the insurer's perspective, some policies are winners (i.e., the insurer pays out less in claims and expenses than it receives in premiums and investment income) and some are losers (i.e., the insurer pays out more in claims and expenses than it receives in premiums and investment income).

An insurer's underwriting performance is measured in its combined ratio. The loss ratio (incurred losses and loss-adjustment expenses divided by net earned premium) is added to the expense ratio (underwriting expenses divided by net premium written) to determine the company's combined ratio. The combined ratio is a reflection of the company's overall underwriting profitability. A combined ratio of less than 100 percent indicates underwriting profitability, while anything over 100 indicates an underwriting loss.

Insurance companies also earn investment profits on “float”. “Float” or available reserve is the amount of money, at hand at any given moment, that an insurer has collected in insurance premiums but has not been paid out in claims. Insurers start investing insurance premiums as soon as they are collected and continue to earn interest on them until claims are paid out.

In the United States, the underwriting loss of property and casualty insurance companies was $142.3 billion in the five years ending 2003. But overall profit for the same period was $68.4 billion, as the result of float. Some insurance industry insiders, most notably Hank Greenberg, do not believe that it is forever possible to sustain a profit from float without an underwriting profit as well, but this opinion is not universally held. Naturally, the “float” method is difficult to carry out in an economically depressed period. Bear markets do cause insurers to shift away from investments and to toughen up their underwriting standards. So a poor economy generally means high insurance premiums. This tendency to swing between profitable and unprofitable periods over time is commonly known as the "underwriting" or insurance cycle. ^[6]

Property and casualty insurers currently make the most money from their auto insurance line of business. Generally better statistics are available on auto losses and underwriting on this line of business has benefited greatly from advances in computing. Additionally, property losses in the US, due to natural catastrophes, have exacerbated this trend.

Finally, claims and loss handling is the materialized utility of insurance. In managing the claims-handling function, insurers seek to balance the elements of customer satisfaction, administrative handling expenses, and claims overpayment leakages. As part of this balancing act, fraudulent insurance practices are a major business risk that must be managed and overcome.

History of insurance

Main article: History of insurance

In some sense we can say that insurance appears simultaneously with the appearance of human society. We know of two types of economies in human societies: money economies (with markets, money, financial instruments and so on) and non-money or natural economies (without money, markets, financial instruments and so on). The second type is a more ancient form than the first. In such an economy and community, we can see insurance in the form of people helping each other. For example, if a house burns down, the members of the community help build a new one. Should the same thing happen to one's neighbour, the other neighbours must help. Otherwise, neighbours will not receive help in the future. This type of insurance has survived to the present day in some countries where modern money economy with its financial instruments is not widespread (for example countries in the territory of the former Soviet Union).

Turning to insurance in the modern sense (i.e., insurance in a modern money economy, in which insurance is part of the financial sphere), early methods of transferring or distributing risk were practised by Chinese and Babylonian traders as long ago as the 3rd and 2nd millennia BC, respectively. Chinese merchants travelling treacherous river rapids would redistribute their wares across many vessels to limit the loss due to any single vessel's capsizing. The Babylonians developed a system which was recorded in the famous Code of Hammurabi, c. 1750 BC, and practised by early Mediterranean sailing merchants. If a merchant received a loan to fund his shipment, he would pay the lender an additional sum in exchange for the lender's guarantee to cancel the loan should the shipment be stolen.

Achaemenian monarchs of Iran were the first to insure their people and made it official by registering the insuring process in governmental notary offices. The insurance tradition was performed each year in Norouz (beginning of the Iranian New Year); the heads of different ethnic groups as well as others willing to take part, presented gifts to the monarch. The most important gift was presented during a special ceremony. When a gift was worth more than 10,000 Derrik (Achaemenian gold coin) the issue was registered in a special office. This was advantageous to those who presented such special gifts. For others, the presents were fairly assessed by the confidants of the court. Then the assessment was registered in special offices.

The purpose of registering was that whenever the person who presented the gift registered by the court was in trouble, the monarch and the court would help him. Jahez, a historian and writer, writes in one of his books on ancient Iran: "[W]henever the owner of the present is in trouble or wants to construct a building, set up a feast, have his children married, etc. the one in charge of this in the court would check the registration. If the registered amount exceeded 10,000 Derrik, he or she would receive an amount of twice as much."[1]

A thousand years later, the inhabitants of Rhodes invented the concept of the 'general average'. Merchants whose goods were being shipped together would pay a proportionally divided premium which would be used to reimburse any merchant whose goods were jettisoned during storm or sinkage.

The Greeks and Romans introduced the origins of health and life insurance c. 600 AD when they organized guilds called "benevolent societies" which cared for the families and paid funeral expenses of members upon death. Guilds in the Middle Ages served a similar purpose. The Talmud deals with several aspects of insuring goods. Before insurance was established in the late 17th century, "friendly societies" existed in England, in which people donated amounts of money to a general sum that could be used for emergencies.

Separate insurance contracts (i.e., insurance policies not bundled with loans or other kinds of contracts) were invented in Genoa in the 14th century, as were insurance pools backed by pledges of landed estates. These new insurance contracts allowed insurance to be separated from investment, a separation of roles that first proved useful in marine insurance. Insurance became far more sophisticated in post-Renaissance Europe, and specialized varieties developed.

Toward the end of the seventeenth century, London's growing importance as a centre for trade increased demand for marine insurance. In the late 1680s, Edward Lloyd opened a coffee house that became a popular haunt of ship owners, merchants, and ships’ captains, and thereby a reliable source of the latest shipping news. It became the meeting place for parties wishing to insure cargoes and ships, and those willing to underwrite such ventures. Today, Lloyd's of London remains the leading market (note that it is not an insurance company) for marine and other specialist types of insurance, but it works rather differently than the more familiar kinds of insurance.

Insurance as we know it today can be traced to the Great Fire of London, which in 1666 devoured 13,200 houses. In the aftermath of this disaster, Nicholas Barbon opened an office to insure buildings. In 1680, he established England's first fire insurance company, "The Fire Office," to insure brick and frame homes.

The first insurance company in the United States underwrote fire insurance and was formed in Charles Town (modern-day Charleston), South Carolina, in 1732. Benjamin Franklin helped to popularize and make standard the practice of insurance, particularly against fire in the form of perpetual insurance. In 1752, he founded the Philadelphia Contributionship for the Insurance of Houses from Loss by Fire. Franklin's company was the first to make contributions toward fire prevention. Not only did his company warn against certain fire hazards, it refused to insure certain buildings where the risk of fire was too great, such as all wooden houses. In the United States, regulation of the insurance industry is highly Balkanized, with primary responsibility assumed by individual state insurance departments. Whereas insurance markets have become centralized nationally and internationally, state insurance commissioners operate individually, though at times in concert through a national insurance commissioners' organization. In recent years, some have called for a dual state and federal regulatory system (commonly referred to as the Optional Federal Charter (OFC)) for insurance similar to that which oversees state banks and national banks.

Types of insurance

Any risk that can be quantified can potentially be insured. Specific kinds of risk that may give rise to claims are known as "perils". An insurance policy will set out in detail which perils are covered by the policy and which are not. Below are (non-exhaustive) lists of the many different types of insurance that exist. A single policy may cover risks in one or more of the categories set out below. For example, auto insurance would typically cover both property risk (covering the risk of theft or damage to the car) and liability risk (covering legal claims from causing an accident). A homeowner's insurance policy in the U.S. typically includes property insurance covering damage to the home and the owner's belongings, liability insurance covering certain legal claims against the owner, and even a small amount of coverage for medical expenses of guests who are injured on the owner's property.

Business insurance can be any kind of insurance that protects businesses against risks. Some principal subtypes of business insurance are (a) the various kinds of professional liability insurance, also called professional indemnity insurance, which are discussed below under that name; and (b) the business owner's policy (BOP), which bundles into one policy many of the kinds of coverage that a business owner needs, in a way analogous to how homeowners insurance bundles the coverages that a homeowner needs.^[7]

Health

Main articles: Health insurance and Dental insurance

Almost all developed countries have government-supplied insurance for health

Health insurance policies will often cover the cost of private medical treatments if the National Health Service in the United Kingdom (NHS) or other publicly-funded health programs do not pay for them. It will often result in quicker health care where better facilities are available. Dental insurance, like medical insurance, is coverage for individuals to protect them against dental costs. In the U.S., dental insurance is often part of an employer's benefits package, along with health insurance. Most countries rely on public funding to ensure that all citizens have universal access to health care.

Disability

Disability insurance policies provide financial support in the event the policyholder is unable to work because of disabling illness or injury. It provides monthly support to help pay such obligations as mortgages and credit cards.
Total permanent disability insurance provides benefits when a person is permanently disabled and can no longer work in their profession, often taken as an adjunct to life insurance.
Disability overhead insurance allows business owners to cover the overhead expenses of their business while they are unable to work.
Workers' compensation insurance replaces all or part of a worker's wages lost and accompanying medical expenses incurred because of a job-related injury.

Casualty

Main article: Casualty insurance

Casualty insurance insures against accidents, not necessarily tied to any specific property.

Crime insurance is a form of casualty insurance that covers the policyholder against losses arising from the criminal acts of third parties. For example, a company can obtain crime insurance to cover losses arising from theft or embezzlement.
Political risk insurance is a form of casualty insurance that can be taken out by businesses with operations in countries in which there is a risk that revolution or other political conditions will result in a loss.

Life

Main article: Life insurance

Life insurance provides a monetary benefit to a descedent's family or other designated beneficiary, and may specifically provide for income to an insured person's family, burial, funeral and other final expenses. Life insurance policies often allow the option of having the proceeds paid to the beneficiary either in a lump sum cash payment or an annuity.

Annuities provide a stream of payments and are generally classified as insurance because they are issued by insurance companies and regulated as insurance and require the same kinds of actuarial and investment management expertise that life insurance requires. Annuities and pensions that pay a benefit for life are sometimes regarded as insurance against the possibility that a retiree will outlive his or her financial resources. In that sense, they are the complement of life insurance and, from an underwriting perspective, are the mirror image of life insurance.

Certain life insurance contracts accumulate cash values, which may be taken by the insured if the policy is surrendered or which may be borrowed against. Some policies, such as annuities and endowment policies, are financial instruments to accumulate or liquidate wealth when it is needed.

In many countries, such as the U.S. and the UK, the tax law provides that the interest on this cash value is not taxable under certain circumstances. This leads to widespread use of life insurance as a tax-efficient method of saving as well as protection in the event of early death.

In U.S., the tax on interest income on life insurance policies and annuities is generally deferred. However, in some cases the benefit derived from tax deferral may be offset by a low return. This depends upon the insuring company, the type of policy and other variables (mortality, market return, etc.). Moreover, other income tax saving vehicles (e.g., IRAs, 401(k) plans, Roth IRAs) may be better alternatives for value accumulation. A combination of low-cost term life insurance and a higher-return tax-efficient retirement account may achieve better investment return.

Property

Main article: Property insurance

This tornado damage to an Illinois home would be considered an "Act of God" for insurance purposes

Property insurance provides protection against risks to property, such as fire, theft or weather damage. This includes specialized forms of insurance such as fire insurance, flood insurance, earthquake insurance, home insurance, inland marine insurance or boiler insurance.

Automobile insurance, known in the UK as motor insurance, is probably the most common form of insurance and may cover both legal liability claims against the driver and loss of or damage to the insured's vehicle itself. Throughout the United States an auto insurance policy is required to legally operate a motor vehicle on public roads. In some jurisdictions, bodily injury compensation for automobile accident victims has been changed to a no-fault system, which reduces or eliminates the ability to sue for compensation but provides automatic eligibility for benefits. Credit card companies insure against damage on rented cars.
- Driving School Insurance insurance provides cover for any authorized driver whilst undergoing tuition, cover also unlike other motor policies provides cover for instructor liability where both the pupil and driving instructor are equally liable in the event of a claim.
Aviation insurance insures against hull, spares, deductibles, hull wear and liability risks.
Boiler insurance (also known as boiler and machinery insurance or equipment breakdown insurance) insures against accidental physical damage to equipment or machinery.
Builder's risk insurance insures against the risk of physical loss or damage to property during construction. Builder's risk insurance is typically written on an "all risk" basis covering damage due to any cause (including the negligence of the insured) not otherwise expressly excluded.
Crop insurance "Farmers use crop insurance to reduce or manage various risks associated with growing crops. Such risks include crop loss or damage caused by weather, hail, drought, frost damage, insects, or disease, for instance."^[8]
Earthquake insurance is a form of property insurance that pays the policyholder in the event of an earthquake that causes damage to the property. Most ordinary homeowners insurance policies do not cover earthquake damage. Most earthquake insurance policies feature a high deductible. Rates depend on location and the probability of an earthquake, as well as the construction of the home.
A fidelity bond is a form of casualty insurance that covers policyholders for losses that they incur as a result of fraudulent acts by specified individuals. It usually insures a business for losses caused by the dishonest acts of its employees.
Flood insurance protects against property loss due to flooding. Many insurers in the US do not provide flood insurance in some portions of the country. In response to this, the federal government created the National Flood Insurance Program which serves as the insurer of last resort.
Home insurance or homeowners' insurance: See "Property insurance".
Marine insurance and marine cargo insurance cover the loss or damage of ships at sea or on inland waterways, and of the cargo that may be on them. When the owner of the cargo and the carrier are separate corporations, marine cargo insurance typically compensates the owner of cargo for losses sustained from fire, shipwreck, etc., but excludes losses that can be recovered from the carrier or the carrier's insurance. Many marine insurance underwriters will include "time element" coverage in such policies, which extends the indemnity to cover loss of profit and other business expenses attributable to the delay caused by a covered loss.
Surety bond insurance is a three party insurance guaranteeing the performance of the principal.
Terrorism insurance provides protection against any loss or damage caused by terrorist activities.
Volcano insurance is an insurance that covers volcano damage in Hawaii.
Windstorm insurance is an insurance covering the damage that can be caused by hurricanes and tropical cyclones.

Liability

Main article: Liability insurance

Liability insurance is a very broad superset that covers legal claims against the insured. Many types of insurance include an aspect of liability coverage. For example, a homeowner's insurance policy will normally include liability coverage which protects the insured in the event of a claim brought by someone who slips and falls on the property; automobile insurance also includes an aspect of liability insurance that indemnifies against the harm that a crashing car can cause to others' lives, health, or property. The protection offered by a liability insurance policy is twofold: a legal defense in the event of a lawsuit commenced against the policyholder and indemnification (payment on behalf of the insured) with respect to a settlement or court verdict. Liability policies typically cover only the negligence of the insured, and will not apply to results of wilful or intentional acts by the insured.

Environmental liability insurance protects the insured from bodily injury, property damage and cleanup costs as a result of the dispersal, release or escape of pollutants.
Errors and omissions insurance: See "Professional liability insurance" under "Liability insurance".
Professional liability insurance, also called professional indemnity insurance, protects insured professionals such as architectural corporation and medical practice against potential negligence claims made by their patients/clients. Professional liability insurance may take on different names depending on the profession. For example, professional liability insurance in reference to the medical profession may be called malpractice insurance. Notaries public may take out errors and omissions insurance (E&O). Other potential E&O policyholders include, for example, real estate brokers, home inspectors, appraisers, and website developers.
Directors and officers liability insurance protects an organization (usually a corporation) from costs associated with litigation resulting from mistakes made by directors and officers for which they are liable. In the industry, it is usually called "D&O" for short.
Prize indemnity insurance protects the insured from giving away a large prize at a specific event. Examples would include offering prizes to contestants who can make a half-court shot at a basketball game, or a hole-in-one at a golf tournament.

Credit

Main article: Credit insurance

Credit insurance repays some or all of a loan when certain things happen to the borrower such as unemployment, disability, or death.

Mortgage insurance insures the lender against default by the borrower. Mortgage insurance is a form of credit insurance, although the name credit insurance more often is used to refer to policies that cover other kinds of debt.

Other types

Collateral protection insurance or CPI, insures property (primarily vehicles) held as collateral for loans made by lending institutions.
Defense Base Act Workers' compensation or DBA Insurance provides coverage for civilian workers hired by the government to perform contracts outside the US and Canada. DBA is required for all US citizens, US residents, US Green Card holders, and all employees or subcontractors hired on overseas government contracts. Depending on the country, Foreign Nationals must also be covered under DBA. This coverage typically includes expenses related to medical treatment and loss of wages, as well as disability and death benefits.
Expatriate insurance provides individuals and organizations operating outside of their home country with protection for automobiles, property, health, liability and business pursuits.
Financial loss insurance protects individuals and companies against various financial risks. For example, a business might purchase coverage to protect it from loss of sales if a fire in a factory prevented it from carrying out its business for a time. Insurance might also cover the failure of a creditor to pay money it owes to the insured. This type of insurance is frequently referred to as "business interruption insurance." Fidelity bonds and surety bonds are included in this category, although these products provide a benefit to a third party (the "obligee") in the event the insured party (usually referred to as the "obligor") fails to perform its obligations under a contract with the obligee.
Kidnap and ransom insurance
Locked funds insurance is a little-known hybrid insurance policy jointly issued by governments and banks. It is used to protect public funds from tamper by unauthorized parties. In special cases, a government may authorize its use in protecting semi-private funds which are liable to tamper. The terms of this type of insurance are usually very strict. Therefore it is used only in extreme cases where maximum security of funds is required.
Nuclear incident insurance covers damages resulting from an incident involving radioactive materials and is generally arranged at the national level. See the Nuclear exclusion clause and for the United States the Price-Anderson Nuclear Industries Indemnity Act)
Pet insurance insures pets against accidents and illnesses - some companies cover routine/wellness care and burial, as well.
Pollution Insurance, which consists of first-party coverage for contamination of insured property either by external or on-site sources. Coverage for liability to third parties arising from contamination of air, water, or land due to the sudden and accidental release of hazardous materials from the insured site. The policy usually covers the costs of cleanup and may include coverage for releases from underground storage tanks. Intentional acts are specifically excluded.
Purchase insurance is aimed at providing protection on the products people purchase. Purchase insurance can cover individual purchase protection, warranties, guarantees, care plans and even mobile phone insurance. Such insurance is normally very limited in the scope of problems that are covered by the policy.
Title insurance provides a guarantee that title to real property is vested in the purchaser and/or mortgagee, free and clear of liens or encumbrances. It is usually issued in conjunction with a search of the public records performed at the time of a real estate transaction.
Travel insurance is an insurance cover taken by those who travel abroad, which covers certain losses such as medical expenses, loss of personal belongings, travel delay, personal liabilities, etc.

Insurance financing vehicles

Protected Self-Insurance is an alternative risk financing mechanism in which an organization retains the mathematically calculated cost of risk within the organization and transfers the catastrophic risk with specific and aggregate limits to an insurer so the maximum total cost of the program is known. A properly designed and underwritten Protected Self-Insurance Program reduces and stabilizes the cost of insurance and provides valuable risk management information.
Retrospectively Rated Insurance is a method of establishing a premium on large commercial accounts. The final premium is based on the insured's actual loss experience during the policy term, sometimes subject to a minimum and maximum premium, with the final premium determined by a formula. Under this plan, the current year's premium is based partially (or wholly) on the current year's losses, although the premium adjustments may take months or years beyond the current year's expiration date. The rating formula is guaranteed in the insurance contract. Formula: retrospective premium = converted loss + basic premium × tax multiplier. Numerous variations of this formula have been developed and are in use.
Fraternal insurance is provided on a cooperative basis by fraternal benefit societies or other social organizations.^[9]
Formal self insurance is the deliberate decision to pay for otherwise insurable losses out of one's own money. This can be done on a formal basis by establishing a separate fund into which funds are deposited on a periodic basis, or by simply forgoing the purchase of available insurance and paying out-of-pocket. Self insurance is usually used to pay for high-frequency, low-severity losses. Such losses, if covered by conventional insurance, mean having to pay a premium that includes loadings for the company's general expenses, cost of putting the policy on the books, acquisition expenses, premium taxes, and contingencies. While this is true for all insurance, for small, frequent losses the transaction costs may exceed the benefit of volatility reduction that insurance otherwise affords.
No-fault insurance is a type of insurance policy (typically automobile insurance) where insureds are indemnified by their own insurer regardless of fault in the incident.
Reinsurance is a type of insurance purchased by insurance companies or self-insured employers to protect against unexpected losses. Financial reinsurance is a form of reinsurance that is primarily used for capital management rather than to transfer insurance risk.
Stop-loss insurance provides protection against catastrophic or unpredictable losses. It is purchased by organizations who do not want to assume 100% of the liability for losses arising from the plans. Under a stop-loss policy, the insurance company becomes liable for losses that exceed certain limits called deductibles.
Social insurance can be many things to many people in many countries. But a summary of its essence is that it is a collection of insurance coverages (including components of life insurance, disability income insurance, unemployment insurance, health insurance, and others), plus retirement savings, that requires participation by all citizens. By forcing everyone in society to be a policyholder and pay premiums, it ensures that everyone can become a claimant when or if he/she needs to. Along the way this inevitably becomes related to other concepts such as the justice system and the welfare state. This is a large, complicated topic that engenders tremendous debate, which can be further studied in the following articles (and others):
- Social welfare provision
- Social security
- Social safety net
- National Insurance
- Social Security (United States)
- Social Security debate (United States)

Insurance companies

Insurance companies may be classified into two groups:

Life insurance companies, which sell life insurance, annuities and pensions products.
Non-life, General, or Property/Casualty insurance companies, which sell other types of insurance.

General insurance companies can be further divided into these sub categories.

Standard Lines
Excess Lines

In most countries, life and non-life insurers are subject to different regulatory regimes and different tax and accounting rules. The main reason for the distinction between the two types of company is that life, annuity, and pension business is very long-term in nature — coverage for life assurance or a pension can cover risks over many decades. By contrast, non-life insurance cover usually covers a shorter period, such as one year.

In the United States, standard line insurance companies are "main stream" insurers. These are the companies that typically insure autos, homes or businesses. They use pattern or "cookie-cutter" policies without variation from one person to the next. They usually have lower premiums than excess lines and can sell directly to individuals. They are regulated by state laws that can restrict the amount they can charge for insurance policies.

Excess line insurance companies (aka Excess and Surplus) typically insure risks not covered by the standard lines market. They are broadly referred as being all insurance placed with non-admitted insurers. Non-admitted insurers are not licensed in the states where the risks are located. These companies have more flexibility and can react faster than standard insurance companies because they are not required to file rates and forms as the "admitted" carriers do. However, they still have substantial regulatory requirements placed upon them. State laws generally require insurance placed with surplus line agents and brokers not to be available through standard licensed insurers.

Insurance companies are generally classified as either mutual or stock companies. This is more of a traditional distinction as true mutual companies are becoming rare. Mutual companies are owned by the policyholders, while stockholders (who may or may not own policies) own stock insurance companies. Other possible forms for an insurance company include reciprocals, in which policyholders 'reciprocate' in sharing risks, and Lloyds organizations.

Insurance companies are rated by various agencies such as A. M. Best. The ratings include the company's financial strength, which measures its ability to pay claims. It also rates financial instruments issued by the insurance company, such as bonds, notes, and securitization products.

Reinsurance companies are insurance companies that sell policies to other insurance companies, allowing them to reduce their risks and protect themselves from very large losses. The reinsurance market is dominated by a few very large companies, with huge reserves. A reinsurer may also be a direct writer of insurance risks as well.

Captive insurance companies may be defined as limited-purpose insurance companies established with the specific objective of financing risks emanating from their parent group or groups. This definition can sometimes be extended to include some of the risks of the parent company's customers. In short, it is an in-house self-insurance vehicle. Captives may take the form of a "pure" entity (which is a 100% subsidiary of the self-insured parent company); of a "mutual" captive (which insures the collective risks of members of an industry); and of an "association" captive (which self-insures individual risks of the members of a professional, commercial or industrial association). Captives represent commercial, economic and tax advantages to their sponsors because of the reductions in costs they help create and for the ease of insurance risk management and the flexibility for cash flows they generate. Additionally, they may provide coverage of risks which is neither available nor offered in the traditional insurance market at reasonable prices.

The types of risk that a captive can underwrite for their parents include property damage, public and product liability, professional indemnity, employee benefits, employers' liability, motor and medical aid expenses. The captive's exposure to such risks may be limited by the use of reinsurance.

Captives are becoming an increasingly important component of the risk management and risk financing strategy of their parent. This can be understood against the following background:

heavy and increasing premium costs in almost every line of coverage;
difficulties in insuring certain types of fortuitous risk;
differential coverage standards in various parts of the world;
rating structures which reflect market trends rather than individual loss experience;
insufficient credit for deductibles and/or loss control efforts.

There are also companies known as 'insurance consultants'. Like a mortgage broker, these companies are paid a fee by the customer to shop around for the best insurance policy amongst many companies. Similar to an insurance consultant, an 'insurance broker' also shops around for the best insurance policy amongst many companies. However, with insurance brokers, the fee is usually paid in the form of commission from the insurer that is selected rather than directly from the client.

Neither insurance consultants nor insurance brokers are insurance companies and no risks are transferred to them in insurance transactions. Third party administrators are companies that perform underwriting and sometimes claims handling services for insurance companies. These companies often have special expertise that the insurance companies do not have.

The financial stability and strength of an insurance company should be a major consideration when buying an insurance contract. An insurance premium paid currently provides coverage for losses that might arise many years in the future. For that reason, the viability of the insurance carrier is very important. In recent years, a number of insurance companies have become insolvent, leaving their policyholders with no coverage (or coverage only from a government-backed insurance pool or other arrangement with less attractive payouts for losses). A number of independent rating agencies, such as Best's, Fitch, Standard & Poor's, and Moody's Investors Service, provide information and rate the financial viability of insurance companies.

Global insurance industry

Life insurance premia written in 2005

Non-life insurance premia written in 2005

Global insurance premiums grew by 8.0% in 2006 (or 5% in real terms) to reach $3.7 trillion due to improved profitability and a benign economic environment characterised by solid economic growth, moderate inflation and strong equity markets. Profitability improved in both life and non-life insurance in 2006 compared to the previous year. Life insurance premiums grew by 10.2% in 2006 as demand for annuity and pension products rose. Non-life insurance premiums grew by 5.0% due to growth in premium rates. Over the past decade, global insurance premiums rose by more than a half as annual growth fluctuated between 2% and 11%.

Advanced economies account for the bulk of global insurance. With premium income of $1,485bn, Europe was the most important region, followed by North America ($1,258bn) and Asia ($801bn). The top four countries accounted for nearly two-thirds of premiums in 2006. The US and Japan alone accounted for 43% of world insurance, much higher than their 7% share of the global population. Emerging markets accounted for over 85% of the world’s population but generated only around 10% of premiums. The volume of UK insurance business totalled $418bn in 2006 or 11.2% of global premiums. ^[10]

Controversies

Insurance insulates too much

By creating a "security blanket" for its insureds, an insurance company may inadvertently find that its insureds may not be as risk-averse as they might otherwise be (since, by definition, the insured has transferred the risk to the insurer). This problem is known to the insurance industry as moral hazard. To reduce their own financial exposure, insurance companies have contractual clauses that mitigate their obligation to provide coverage if the insured engages in behavior that grossly magnifies their risk of loss or liability.

For example, life insurance companies may require higher premiums or deny coverage altogether to people who work in hazardous occupations or engage in dangerous sports. Liability insurance providers do not provide coverage for liability arising from intentional torts committed by the insured. Even if a provider were so irrational as to want to provide such coverage, it is against the public policy of most countries to allow such insurance to exist, and thus it is usually illegal.

Closed community self-insurance

Some communities prefer to create virtual insurance amongst themselves by other means than contractual risk transfer, which assigns explicit numerical values to risk. A number of religious groups, including the Amish and some Muslim groups, depend on support provided by their communities when disasters strike. The risk presented by any given person is assumed collectively by the community who all bear the cost of rebuilding lost property and supporting people whose needs are suddenly greater after a loss of some kind. In supportive communities where others can be trusted to follow community leaders, this tacit form of insurance can work. In this manner the community can even out the extreme differences in insurability that exist among its members. Some further justification is also provided by invoking the moral hazard of explicit insurance contracts.

In the United Kingdom, The Crown (which, for practical purposes, meant the Civil service) did not insure property such as government buildings. If a government building was damaged, the cost of repair would be met from public funds because, in the long run, this was cheaper than paying insurance premiums. Since many UK government buildings have been sold to property companies, and rented back, this arrangement is now less common and may have disappeared altogether.

Complexity of insurance policy contracts

Insurance policies can be complex and some policyholders may not understand all the fees and coverages included in a policy. As a result, people may buy policies on unfavorable terms. In response to these issues, many countries have enacted detailed statutory and regulatory regimes governing every aspect of the insurance business, including minimum standards for policies and the ways in which they may be advertised and sold.

Many institutional insurance purchasers buy insurance through an insurance broker. Brokers represent the buyer (not the insurance company), and typically counsel the buyer on appropriate coverage and policy limitations. A broker generally holds contracts with many insurers, thereby allowing the broker to "shop" the market for the best rates and coverage possible.

Insurance may also be purchased through an agent. Unlike a broker, who represents the policyholder, an agent represents the insurance company from whom the policyholder buys. An agent can represent more than one company.

Redlining

Redlining is the practice of denying insurance coverage in specific geographic areas, supposedly because of a high likelihood of loss, while the alleged motivation is unlawful discrimination. Racial profiling or redlining has a long history in the property insurance industry in the United States. From a review of industry underwriting and marketing materials, court documents, and research by government agencies, industry and community groups, and academics, it is clear that race has long affected and continues to affect the policies and practices of the insurance industry.^[11]

In determining premiums and premium rate structures, insurers consider quantifiable factors, including location, credit scores, gender, occupation, marital status, and education level. However, the use of such factors is often considered to be unfair or unlawfully discriminatory, and the reaction against this practice has in some instances led to political disputes about the ways in which insurers determine premiums and regulatory intervention to limit the factors used.

An insurance underwriter's job is to evaluate a given risk as to the likelihood that a loss will occur. Any factor that causes a greater likelihood of loss should theoretically be charged a higher rate. This basic principle of insurance must be followed if insurance companies are to remain solvent. Thus, "discrimination" against (i.e., negative differential treatment of) potential insureds in the risk evaluation and premium-setting process is a necessary by-product of the fundamentals of insurance underwriting. For instance, insurers charge older people significantly higher premiums than they charge younger people for term life insurance. Older people are thus treated differently than younger people (i.e., a distinction is made, discrimination occurs). The rationale for the differential treatment goes to the heart of the risk a life insurer takes: Old people are likely to die sooner than young people, so the risk of loss (the insured's death) is greater in any given period of time and therefore the risk premium must be higher to cover the greater risk. However, treating insureds differently when there is no actuarially sound reason for doing so is unlawful discrimination.

What is often missing from the debate is that prohibiting the use of legitimate, actuarially sound factors means that an insufficient amount is being charged for a given risk, and there is thus a deficit in the system. The failure to address the deficit may mean insolvency and hardship for all of a company's insureds. The options for addressing the deficit seem to be the following: Charge the deficit to the other policyholders or charge it to the government (i.e., externalize outside of the company to society at large).

Insurance patents

Further information: Insurance patent

New insurance products can now be protected from copying with a business method patent in the United States.

A recent example of a new insurance product that is patented is Usage Based auto insurance. Early versions were independently invented and patented by a major U.S. auto insurance company, Progressive Auto Insurance (U.S. Patent 5,797,134 ) and a Spanish independent inventor, Salvador Minguijon Perez (EP patent 0700009).

Many independent inventors are in favor of patenting new insurance products since it gives them protection from big companies when they bring their new insurance products to market. Independent inventors account for 70% of the new U.S. patent applications in this area.

Many insurance executives are opposed to patenting insurance products because it creates a new risk for them. The Hartford insurance company, for example, recently had to pay $80 million to an independent inventor, Bancorp Services, in order to settle a patent infringement and theft of trade secret lawsuit for a type of corporate owned life insurance product invented and patented by Bancorp.

There are currently about 150 new patent applications on insurance inventions filed per year in the United States. The rate at which patents have issued has steadily risen from 15 in 2002 to 44 in 2006. ^[12]

Inventors can now have their insurance US patent applications reviewed by the public in the Peer to Patent program.^[13]

The insurance industry and rent seeking

Certain insurance products and practices have been described as rent seeking by critics.^{[citation needed]} That is, some insurance products or practices are useful primarily because of legal benefits, such as reducing taxes, as opposed to providing protection against risks of adverse events. Under United States tax law, for example, most owners of variable annuities and variable life insurance can invest their premium payments in the stock market and defer or eliminate paying any taxes on their investments until withdrawals are made. Sometimes this tax deferral is the only reason people use these products.^{[citation needed]} Another example is the legal infrastructure which allows life insurance to be held in an irrevocable trust which is used to pay an estate tax while the proceeds themselves are immune from the estate tax.

criticism of insurance companies

The neutrality of this article is disputed.
Please see the discussion on the talk page. (September 2008)
Please do not remove this message until the dispute is resolved.

Some people believe that modern insurance companies are money-making businesses which have little interest in insurance.^{[citation needed]} They argue that the purpose of insurance is to spread risk so the reluctance of insurance companies to take on high-risk cases (e.g. houses in areas subject to flooding, or young drivers) runs counter to the principle of insurance.

Other criticisms include:

Insurance policies contain too many exclusion clauses. For example, some house insurance policies do not cover damage to garden walls.^{[citation needed]}

Many insurance companies now use call centres and staff attempt to answer questions by reading from a script. It is difficult to speak to anybody with expert knowledge. While policyholders find their premium payments decrease when dealing with companies who sacrifice the use of trained insurance agents, they also risk greater financial loss due to inadequate coverage protection.^{[citation needed]} Those companies who invest in educated insurance agents provide a valued service to the community. Policyholders who work with knowledgeable insurance agents are more likely to identify needs, evaluate options, purchase sufficient insurance protection, and minimize the risk of heavy financial loss for themselves and their family.

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Canada imposes sanctions against Zimbabwe

2008-09-12T23:52:00.001+07:00

Canada has joined the U.S. and the European Union in imposing sanctions on Zimbabwe 's authoritarian regime led by President Robert Mugabe.

The foreign affairs minister David Emerson Friday charged that since the country 's discredited the presidential election in March and the departure in June, Mugabe ' s government have not made ninguÌ No effort to promote democratic rule.

Despite efforts by international mediators, despite calls from the international community to return democracy to Zimbabwe, the government has proved unwilling to negotiate in good faith, and uninterested in, significant Emerson of the reform said in a statement friday.

Zimbabwe 's opposition leader Morgan Tsvangirai were first in a field of four in the first round of the presidential vote in March, but not won by the margin necessary to avoid an outing against Mugabe in second place finisher. Tsvangirai withdrew his departure on June 27 due to attacks on his supporters blamed on Mugabe 's militants from security forces.

Mugabe said the departure, and was declared the winner in a landslide, although the exercise Denounced extensively as imposter.

The Zimbabwean leader for 84 years, in power since independence from Britain in an or 80, blamed the opposition for the chaos and carnage.

Canada announced in June that initial sanctions followed the departure, mainly travel, work and study barring senior members of Zimbabwe 's government within Canada.

Emerson said the measures announced Friday that goes further to the pressure and isolation that keeps on key members of the regime of Zimbabwe.

Canada is banning arms exports, is freezing the assets of senior Zimbabwean officials and is prohibiting aircraft from flying over or Zimbabweans landing in Canada.

Canada 'tactics over the future of pressure s still the union of the United States and Europe, announced that expanded sanctions against the regime in July.

The U.S., along with Britain and France spearheaded a drive of the Security Council in July to UN sanctions, but the initiative was vetoed by Russia and China.

After the motion failed, President George W. Bush extended sanctions to restrict the individuals closely linked to Mugabe's functioning financial markets in the U.S. Treasury Department said 17 entities and individuals who say Mugabe has supported 's regime is therefore undermining the democratic process in Zimbabwe.

The European Union also widened their similar sanctions against Zimbabweans, adding 37 new individuals and companies to the existing list of 131.

South Africa and other African trade unionists are pressing Tsvangirai to accept a power-sharing distribution. African leaders see a unity government while the way to avoid further spread of violence and add economic collapse in Zimbabwe, which has the world 'rate of inflation higher s chronic food shortages and fuel, AP reported.

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Indians hurt in Sri Lanka clash

2008-09-11T23:50:00.000+07:00

Suicide attackers pose with rebel leader Prabhakaran before the attack

The government has confirmed that srilanqués damaged two Indians on Tuesday that the rebels of the Tamil tigre attacked a military base in the north.

The Anura Priyadarshana Yapa Minister's media said the men were injured in an attack on an army base and air forces in Vavuniya.

His remarks came after the initial denials of Sri Lanka 's army insisted that it did not work with any foreigners.

The india involvement in the conflict srilanqués is sensitive, partly due to the large population of India 's Tamil -

Attack of the Pre-Dawn

The military and the rebels suffered deaths in the raid from Tuesday 's, each losing at least 10 people.

Mr. Yapa said he did not know if damaged Indian nationals, who were in a service contract were personal technical or military.

He said that the military Srilanqués helped install a new radar facility.

We should be grateful to our powerful neighbour India to provide us the modern radar equipment and personnel to ours, he said of security.

A spokesman for the High Commission in Colombo said india's Tamil service of the BBC on Tuesday that they had damaged two Indians radar technicians who worked inside the compound.

The military brig srilanqués Uday Nanayakkara's spokesman denied the reports.

No foreigners working in the military Srilanqués that he told the BBC Sinhala service on Tuesday.

In the latest fighting, the military said that troops launched a pre-dawn attack on Thursday in the cabinet rebels in the north, setting off a battle that killed four tigers of Tamil.

Fighting elsewhere killed 15 rebels and wounded 11 other soldiers, the military said.

The rebels have not made any comment regarding the recent clashes.

They have been fighting for a separate state for the Tamil minority in the north and east of Sri Lanka for 25 years. More than 70,000 people have died.

Skinhead | Traditional Skinheads

2008-09-04T02:11:00.001+07:00

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2008-09-04T00:24:00.000+07:00

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LA SUITE SHERATON HOTEL Marylebone, London | booking hotel | hotel reservation

2008-09-02T20:33:00.002+07:00

LA SUITE HOTEL Marylebone, London

A unique hotel experience right in the heart of Central London.

Located in the fashionable Marylebone Village, LA SUITE HOTEL is the perfect choice if you're travelling on business or just exploring London.

We provide each of our guests with the ultimate in luxury living and total relaxation.

How different is LA SUITE from other hotels?
At LA SUITE we offer you a choice of designer studio or one bedroom suites. Each suite is of a contemporary design and includes a kitchenette, separate sleeping and mini-office areas.

Why is LA SUITE ideal for the business traveller?
In each suite you will find a printer, fax machine and a computer with free broadband access.

Is breakfast included?
A continental Breakfast is delivered to your room every morning and includes freshly baked pastries.

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Forex in the Islam Law | hukum forex di islam | forex demo | forex futures | fx forex | cms forex | tutorial forex

2008-09-02T13:03:00.004+07:00

The trade in foreign currency emerged because of the existence of the trade in requirement things/the international commodity that was international. The trade (Export-Impor) this certainly needed means of payment that is MONEY that respectively the country had the provisions personally and was different to one another in accordance with bargaining and the request around these countries so as to emerge the MATA UANG RATE OF EXCHANGE international. The international currency rate of exchange was gathered in a STOCK EXCHANGE or the MARKET that was international and was tied in a mutually beneficial joint agreement.
The value of currency of a country with this other country changed (fluctuating) every time in accordance with the volume of the request and his bargaining. The existence of the request and this bargaining that caused the currency transaction. That obviously only the exchange of different currency thought. In his book Prof. Drs. Masjfuk Zuhdi that was entitled MASAIL FIQHIYAH; Kapita Selecta Hukum Islam, was received that Forex (the Trade in Foreign Currency) was permitted in the Islam law.

The Islam LAW in the VALAS TRANSACTION
1. There was Ijab-Qobul: --- > had the agreement to give and menerima
• Penjual handed over the thing and the buyer paid cash.
• Ijab-Qobulnya was done orally, the article and the envoy.
• Pembeli and the seller had the authority was full m. elaksanakan and did tindakantindakan the law (mature and thoughtful healthy)
2. Filled the condition to the object of the trade transaction that is:
• Suci goods (not excrement)
• Dapat dimanfaatkan
• Dapat diserahterimakan
• Jelas the thing and harganya
• Dijual (was bought) by his owner personally or his power with the premission of pemiliknya
• Barang has been ditangan him if goods were received with the repayment

Must be added by the opinion of Muhammad Isa, that the trade in the share was permitted in the religion.

"Don't you bought the fish in water, because actually the trade like that contained the deception". (Hadis Ahmad bin Hambal and Al Baihaqi from Ibnu Mas'ud)

The trade in the thing that not in the place of the transaction was permitted with the condition to have to be explained by his characteristics or his characteristics. Afterwards if the thing in accordance with the seller's information, then legal his trade. But if inappropriate then the buyer had the right khiyar, meaning that might continue or cancel his trade.

This in accordance with hadis the story Prophet of Al Daraquthni from Hurairah Ash:

”Barang whoever bought something that he did not see him, then he had the right khiyar if he saw him.

The trade in results planted that still was hidden, as the yam, the potato, the onion et cetera was also permitted, provided that is given for example, because of experiencing the difficulty or the loss if must dismiss all the results of the crop that was hidden to be sold.

This in accordance with the rules of the Islam law: the Difficulty attracted the ease.

Likewise the trade in things that were wrapped/was closed, like food kalengan, LPG, et cetera, asalkam was given the label that explained his contents.

Vide Sabiq, op. cit. the matter. 135. About the text of the rules of the above Islam law, vide Al Suyuthi, Al Ashbah wa al Nadzair, Egypt, Mustafa Muhammad, 1936 matters. 55.

The TRADE in FOREIGN CURRENCY AND SAHAM

That was meant by foreign currency to be foreign currency a fairy American dollar, sterling pound England, ringgit Malaysia et cetera. If between the country the international trade happened then each country needed foreign currency for foreign means of payment that in the world of the trade were acknowledged as foreign exchange. For example the Indonesian exporter will receive foreign exchange from results of his export, conversely the Indonesian importer needed foreign exchange to import from overseas.

Therefore will emerge bargaining and the request in the currency stock exchange asing. each authorised country was full appointed the exchange rate of his money to be their respective (the exchange rate was his money rate of exchange against foreign currency) for example 1 American dollar = Rp. 12,000. However the exchange rate of money or the rate of exchange exchanged every time could keep changing, depended on the strength of the country's their respective economics. The registration of the exchange rate of money and the trade transaction was in foreign currency held in the Valuta Asing Stock Exchange (A. W. J. Tupanno, et. Al. Economics and the Co-operative, Jakarta, the Department of Education and Culture 1982, the matter 76-77

The FATWA MUI about the VALAS TRADE
The fatwa of Dewan Syari'ah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia no: 28/DSN-MUI/III/2002, about the Trade in Currency (Al-Sharf).

WEIGH:

1. That in several activities to fill various needs, often was needed by the trade transaction in currency (Al-sharf), both between similar currency and between different currency the kind.
2. That in urf tijari (the trade tradition) the trade transaction in currency was known by several forms of the transaction that the status of his law in the Islam teaching look was different between one form and the other form.
3. That so that this transaction activity is carried out in accordance with the Islam teaching, DSN gaze at must determine the fatwa about Al-Sharf to be made pedoman

CONSIDERING:

• "Firman Allah, QS. Al-Baqarah [2] :275:"... And Allah permitted the trade and prohibited usury...
• "Hadis the Al-Baihaqi story prophet and Ibnu Majah from Ash of Sa'id al-Khudri: Rasulullah SAW spoke," Actually the trade might be only carried out on the basis of the willingness (between the two sides) "(HR. al-baihaqi and Ibnu Majah, and it was thought shahih by Ibnu Hibban)."
• "Hadis Nabi the Story" of "Muslim, Abu Daud, Tirmidzi, Nasa'i, and Ibn Majah, with the text" of "Muslim from" Ubadah "bin Shamit, Nabi s.a.w spoke:" (Juallah) gold with gold, silver with silver, wheat with wheat, sya'ir with sya'ir, the date with the date, and salt with salt (denga the condition must) same and a kind as well as in cash. If his kind was different, sold sekehendak you if being carried out in cash.
• "Hadis Nabi the story" of "Muslim, Tirmidzi, Nasa'i, Abu Daud, Ibnu Majah, and Ahmad, from Umar bin Khattab, Nabi s.a.w spoke:" (the trade) gold with silver was usury except (was carried out) in cash.
• "Hadis Nabi the story" of "Muslim, Tirmidzi, Nasa'i, Abu Daud, Ibnu Majah, and Ahmad, from Umar bin Khattab, Nabi s.a.w spoke:" (the trade) gold with silver was usury except (was carried out) in cash.
• "Hadis Nabi the story" of "Muslim from Ash of Sa'id al-Khudri, Nabi s.a.w spoke: Janganlah you sold gold with gold except same (he thought) and don't added partly was upper another part; did not sell silver with silver except same (he thought) and don't added sebagaian on another part; and did not sell gold and this silver that not cash with that cash."
• "Hadis Nabi the story" of "Muslim from the" Ember "Bin" Azib "and Zaid bin A rqam: Rasulullah saw banned sold silver with gold in a manner the debt (not cash)."
• "Hadis Nabi the Tirmidzi story from Amr bin Auf: the Agreement could be carried out between Muslims, except the agreement that prohibited that was lawful or permitted that was forbidden; and Muslims was tied with their conditions except the condition that"

PAY ATTENTION TO:

1. The letter from pimpinah the Unit of Usaha Syariah Bank BNI no. UUS/2/878
2. Participants's opinion in the Plenary Meeting of the Council Syari'ah National on the Thursday, the date 14 of Muharram 1423H/ on March 28 2002.

MEMUTUSKAN

Dewan Syari'ah Nasional Menetapkan: the TENTANG JUAL BELI FATWA in CURRENCY (Al-SHARF).

First: the Umum provisions

The trade transaction in currency in principle might with the provisions as follows:
1. Not for the speculation (profit-untungan).
2. There was the requirement transaks or to be on the alert (savings).
3. If the transaction was carried out against similar currency then he thought must be the same and in cash (at-taqabudh).
4. If differing the kind then must be carried out with the exchange rate (the exchange rate) that was valid at the time of the transaction and in cash.

Secondly: Asing kinds of the Currency transaction

1. The SPOT transaction, that is the purchase transaction and the sale of foreign currency for the surrender at the time (over the counter) or his resolution was slowest in a period of two days. His law able to, because it was considered cash, whereas when two days were regarded as the process of the resolution that could not be avoided and was the international transaction.
2. The FORWARD transaction, that is the transaction pem the diamond and the sale of foreign currency that he thought is maintained at the time of now and was put into effect during the future, between 2x24 the hour up to one year. His law was forbidden, because the price that was used was the price that diperjanjikan (muwa'adah) and his surrender was carried out in afterwards the day, in fact the price when this surrender not necessarily was the same as the value that was agreed to, except for being carried out in the form of forward agreement for the requirement that could not be avoided (lil the pilgrim).
3. The SWAP transaction that is a purchase contract or the sale of foreign currency with the price spot that was combined with the purchase between the sale of foreign currency that was the same as the price forward. His law was forbidden, because of containing the element maisir (the speculation).
4. The OPTION transaction that is the contract to receive the right on the occasion of bought or the right to sell that must not be carried out on several foreign currency units in the price and the period or the date of the certain end. His law was forbidden, because contained unusru maisir (the speculation).

Thirdly: this Fatwa had been valid since the date was determined, with the provisions if in afterwards the day evidently was gotten by the error, was changed and completed as it should be.

Appointed in: Jakarta

The date: 14 Muharram 1423 H/on March 28 2002 M The COUNCIL SYARI'AH NATIONAL the Muslim SCHOLAR's Indonesian COUNCIL

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2008-09-02T02:47:00.001+07:00

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Kode Rahasia Alcatel

2008-09-02T01:44:00.000+07:00

Alcatel

1. *#06# Menampilkan nomor IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity).

2. ###847# Reset full.

3. ###765*02# Memblokir panggilan masuk atau keluar (Add barring groups).

4. ###765*78# Menonaktifkan Barring groups.

5. ###765*05# Menonaktifkan/mengunci status network.

6. ###765*07# Mengaktifkan status network.

7. 000000* Net Monitor.

Kode Rahasia Panasonic

2008-09-02T01:43:00.000+07:00

Panasonic

1. *#06# Menampilkan nomor IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity).

2. **7370# Memformat ulang.

Kode Rahasia Philips

2008-09-02T01:42:00.002+07:00

Philips

1. *#06# Menampilkan nomor IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity).

2. *#3353*# Mereset ponsel.

3. *#7337*# Mereset ponsel (Master reset), kartu SIM dicabut dulu..

4. *#337*# Mengaktifkan/menonaktifkan EFR.

5. *#7693# Mengaktifkan/menonaktifkan Sleep Mode. Aktifkan saja untuk menghemat konsumsi baterai ketika ponsel sedang tidak dipakai.

6. *#8463*# Menampilkan beberapa informasi Sleep Mode: Wake, Sleep Req., Sleep.

7. *#2286*# Mengaktifkan data baterai.

8. *#7948*# Mematikan ponsel.

9. *#7728*# Menampilkan RSAV.

10. *#7524*# Menampilkan KCGPRS.

11. *#7562*# Menampilkan SIM Phase.

12. *#7629*# Menampilkan POOL MAX.

13. *#7632*# Menampilkan Code Bugging dari sleep mode.

14. *#7733*# Menampilkan Cluster aktif.

15. *#7343*# Menampilkan kode Cluster.

16. *#7352*# Menampilkan registrasi software.

17. *#7763*# Menampilkan informasi produk.

18. *#7766*# Menampilkan versi produk.

19. *#7326*# Menampilkan pilihan aksesoris untuk vibrator.

20. *#7276*# Mengaktifkan GPRS Attach.

21. *#7287*# Mengaktifkan GPRS Attached.

22. *#7288*# Mengaktifkan GPRS Try Attached.

23. *#7271*# Mengaktifkan GPRS Kelas 1

24. *#7274*# Mengaktifkan GPRS Kelas 4.

25. *#7252*# Mengaktifkan GPRS Kelas B.

26. *#7224*# Mengaktifkan GPRS Kelas C.

27. *#7222*# Mengaktifkan CSD GSM Kelas C.

28. *#7762*# Melakukan seting SMS bearer GPRS.

29. *#8377*# Menampilkan versi software.

30. *#3377*# Menampilkan kondisi EEPROMP.

31. *#2254# Status Register.

32. *#2255# Active/Deactive “Debug Call”, when activated, make a call to a busy line an the phone will display some hex-codes on the display.

33. *#2558# The time in days, hours, and minutes you are connected to the net..

34. *#7489*# atau *#1234*# Security Code.

35. *#7378*# Name, Length, SIM Phase.

36. *#3333*# Blocking list.

kode Rahasia LG

2008-09-02T01:42:00.001+07:00

1. *#06# Menampilkan nomor IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity).

2. *#07# Menampikan nomor IMEI dan versi software (LG 510).

3. *8375# Menampilkan versi software (LG B1200).

4. #PWR668 Test pabrikan (LG B1200).

5. 1945#5101# Simlock menu (LG B1200).

6. 2945#*5101# Simlock menu (LG 510W, 5200)

7. 2945#*70001# Simlock menu (LG 7020,7010)

Kode Rahasia BenQ-Siemens

2008-09-02T01:41:00.001+07:00

BenQ-Siemens

1. *#06# Menampilkan nomor IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity).

2. *#0000# Mengembalikan ke bahasa default.

3. *#0001# lalu tekan tombol hijau (Call) Mengubah bahasa menggunakan kode. Angka 0001 adalah kode untuk bahasa inggris. Kode: 0030 (Yunani), 0031 (Belanda), 0032 (Perancis), 0034 (Spanyol), 0039 (Itali), 0049 (Jerman), 0090 (Turki)

4. *#9999# Mereset ke setingan awal (pabrikan).

5. *#300# Mengecek software.

6. *#301# Mengecek hardware.

Kode Rahasia Siemens

2008-09-02T01:40:00.000+07:00

Siemens

1. *#06# Menampilkan nomor IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity).

2. *#0000# Mengembalikan ke bahasa default.

3. **05*PUK*newPIN*newPIN# Deblock PIN using PUK.

4. **052*PUK2*newPIN2*newPIN2# Deblock PIN2 using PUK2.

5. **04*old_PIN*new_PIN*new_PIN# Mengubah PIN.

6. **042*old_PIN2*new_PIN2*new_PIN2# Mengubah PIN2.

7. *31# Menyembunyikan nama/nomor telepon pada ponsel penerima (CLIR).

8. #31# Menonaktifkan CLIR.

9. *#31# Mengecek status CLIR.

10. *30# Menampilkan nama/nomor telepon pada ponsel penerima (CLIP).

11. #30# Menonaktifkan CLIP.

12. *#30# Mengecek status CLIP.

13. *43# Mengaktifkan Call Waiting/Call Hold.

14. #43## Menonaktifkan Call Waiting.

15. *#43# Mengecek status Call Wating.

16. *#0001# lalu tekan tombol hijau (Call) Mengubah bahasa menggunakan kode. Angka 0001 adalah kode untuk bahasa inggris. Kode: 0030 (Yunani), 0031 (Belanda), 0032 (Perancis), 0034 (Spanyol), 0039 (Itali), 0049 (Jerman), 0090 (Turki).

17. *#0606# Shows if the phone is locked to any network (Use without SIM card).

Kode Rahasia Samsung

2008-09-02T01:38:00.000+07:00

Samsung

1. *#06# Menampilkan nomor IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity).

2. *#9999# atau *#9998*9999# Menampilkan versi software.

3. *#9999# atau *#9998*8888# Menampilkan versi hardware.

4. *#9998*76# Menampilkan nomor produksi.

5. *#9998*288# atau *#0288# Mengecek status baterai.

6. *#0246# atau *#0377# Menampilkan kapasitas ruang penyimpanan / memori.

7. *#9998*782# atau *#0782# Menampilkan tanggal dan waktu alarm.

8. *#8999*638# Menampilkan informasi jaringan telepon.

9. *#9998*523# atau *#0523# Mengatur kontras layar.

10. *#8999*5646# Mengubah logo operator.

11. *#0289# Tes ringtone.

12. *#9998*842# atau *#0842# Tes vibrate.

13. *#9998*289# atau *#0289# Mengubah suara alarm.

14. *#9998*746# atau *#0746# Melihat informasi kartu SIM

15. *2767*2878# Mengunci ponsel.

16. *2767*3855# Mereset memori, jangan lupa mencabut kartu SIM.

17. *#0324# Net Monitor

18. *#0001# Display RS232 serial communication parameter setup.

19. *9266# Display received channel number and received intensity.

20. *#9998*377# atau *#0377# Software error LOG (wrong display of EEPROM).

21. *#9998*778# atau *#0778# SIM Service Table.

22. *#0837# Instruction Software.

23. *#0001# Show Serial Parameter.

24. *#9998*968# View Melody Alarm.

25. *#9998*585# Non Volatile Memory.

26. *#3243948# Digital Audio Interference off.

27. *#32436837# Digital Audio Interference.

28. *#9998*4357# Help Menu.

29. *#9998*5282# Java Menu.

30. *2767*5282# Java Reset.

31. *2767*927# WAP Reset.

32. *2767*63342# Reset Media.

33. *#9999#0# Monitor Mode.

Kode Rahasia Motorola

2008-09-02T01:37:00.000+07:00

Motorola

1. *#06# Menampilkan nomor IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity).

2. *#303# OK Mengubah ke bahasa inggris.

3. *#300# OK Menampilkan versi software (SW and HW Version).

4. *#301# OK Test keypad.

5. 1234 OK Kode default ponsel.

6. *#311# OK Merubah kode ponsel default.

7. ***113*1* OK Net Monitor ON.

8. **113*1* OK Net Monitor OFF.

9. *#304# OK Set Off engineering mode.

10. *#304*1998072# OK Set On engineering mode.

11. *#307* OK Engineering test mode.

12. *#400# OK ADC call val.

13. 19980722 OK Master unlock code for phone and sim lock.

14. *#0000# OK Setting and restore.

15. *#402# OK Contrast

16. *#305# OK Location 1

Kode Rahasia Sony Ericsson

2008-09-02T01:36:00.000+07:00

Sony Ericsson

1. *#06# Menampilkan nomor IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity).

2. *#0000# atau 0000 Mereset kembali ke bahasa inggris.

3. >*<<*<* Melihat service menu dan versi software. Tekan tombol Yes berulang kali untuk melihat semua data software dan tekan > untuk melihat semua teks yang terdapat pada ponsel.

4. <**<>

Kode Rahasia Nokia

2008-09-02T01:32:00.000+07:00

Nokia

1. *#06# Menampilkan nomor IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity).

2. *#0000# Menampilkan versi firmware.

3. *#9999# Merupakan alternatif jika kode *#0000# tidak berfungsi.

4. *#8110# Menampilkan versi firmware (Nokia 8110).

5. *#21# Melihat pengalihan untuk semua panggilan ‘All calls’.

6. **21*nomor tujuan# Mengalihkan... panggilan ke nomor yang dituju untuk semua panggilan.

7. **61*nomor tujuan# Mengalihkan panggilan ke nomor yang dituju untuk panggilan yang tidak terjawab.

8. **67*nomor tujuan# Mengalihkan panggilan ke nomor yang dituju untuk panggilan ketika sedang sibuk.

9. *#61# Melihat nomor pengalihan karena tidak dijawab ‘Call divert’.

10. *#62# Melihat nomor pengalihan karena diluar jangkauan ‘Call divert’ dan mengetahui kemana nomor tersebut dialihkan.

11. *#67# Melihat nomor pengalihan karena sibuk ‘Call divert’ dan mengetahui kemana nomor tersebut dialihkan.

12. *#2820# Menampilkan alamat IP Bluetooth.

13. *#30# Menampilkan nomor pribadi.

14. *#43# Melihat status ‘Call waiting’.

15. *#62209526# atau *#MACOWLAN Menampilkan alamat MAC WLAN.

16. *#67705646# Mengganti operator logo (tipe 3310, 3330).

17. *#73# Mereset timer ponsel dan skor game.

18. *#746025625# Menampilkan status SIM Clock. Jika ponsel anda mendukung fungsi power saving akan muncul tulisan “SIM Clock Stop Allowed”, itu berarti anda bisa mendapatkan waktu terbaik untuk standby.

19. *#7370# atau *#RESO# Mereset ke setingan awal (pabrikan), data-data akan terhapus

20. *#7760# Menampilkan kode pabrik/produk.

21. *#7780# atau *#rst0* Mereset ke setingan awal (pabrikan), data-data tidak akan terhapus.

22. *#92702689# atau *#war0anty# Menampilkan nomor serial, tanggal pembuatan, tanggal pembelian, tanggal terakhir servis (000 jika belum pernah diperbaiki) dan transfer user data. Pada beberapa ponsel setelah menggunakan kode ini anda harus merestart ponsel.

23. *#2640# Menampilkan kode pengamanan ponsel.

24. *#3370# Mengaktifkan EFR (Full Rate Codec), kualitas suara terbaik namun pemakaian baterai menjadi boros.

25. #3370# Untuk menonaktifkan EFR.

26. *#4720# Mengaktifkan Half Rate Codec, kualitas suara terendah namun pemakaian baterai menjadi lebih hemat.

27. #4720# Untuk menonaktifkan Half Rate Codec.

28. 10# Cara cepat untuk membuka nomor kontak yang tersimpan di kartu SIM berdasarkan nomor urut. Contoh angka 10 adalah nomor urut kontak.

29. #pw+1234567890+1# Mengunci status provider, gunakan tanda “*” untuk memisahkan antara “p,w” dan tanda “+”.

30. #pw+1234567890+1# Mengunci status provider, gunakan tanda “*” untuk memisahkan antara “p,w” dan tanda “+”.

31. #pw+1234567890+2# Mengunci status network, gunakan tanda “*” untuk memisahkan antara “p,w” dan tanda “+”.

32. #pw+1234567890+3# Mengunci status country, gunakan tanda “*” untuk memisahkan antara “p,w” dan tanda “+”.

33. #pw+1234567890+4# Mengunci status kartu SIM, gunakan tanda “*” untuk memisahkan antara “p,w” dan tanda “+”.

The calls of the World Bank for the emergency action on food before the development assistance speaks in Ghana

2008-08-31T22:54:00.006+07:00

WASHINGTON, August 31, 2008 - as agencies for the development international, the givers and the foreman of civil society towards Ghana to discuss to improve the effectiveness of assistance, the World Bank claims the immediate action to drop from the restrictions using food. The bank indicates that assignment and conditions of end to buy the food aid of the givers a long way would ensure food arrives at the poor people struck hard by prices in rise.

The restrictions of end would help to bring the relief to the million people suffering from the high prices of foodstuffs and would be a concrete sign of the engagement of international community to make the assistance more effective, said managing director Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala of the World Bank speaking in front of a conference about the September 2 to Accra, Ghana on the effectiveness of assistance. Time ago to lose. Expensive conditions on food aid should be removed to make sure that the food obtains quickly with where it is most necessary.

With 100 million people in risk of fall in the poverty of the high prices of foodstuffs, the bank asks the international community to increase contributions to the world program of the food, for which the needs for placement almost doubled to $6 billion this year. It will need probably placement are equivalent the next year.

We cannot allow us to leave the world 'the drift of attention of S, Okonjo-Iweala known as. Gens always wounds high prices of foodstuffs. They need our support now.

The bank also claims the immediate elimination of the imposition or the restrictions on humane food aid (certainly for purchases of world program of the food) and an end to export prohibitions by the principal producers on forwardings towards the less developed countries and those in fragile situations.

These three stages: elimination of the restrictions and the conditions on food aid; contributions increasing to the world program of the food; and prohibitions and the restrictions of lifting of export on the movement of humane food will protect from the thousands of mothers and the children in danger of, of malnutrition Okonjo-Iweala said. Moreover the givers must support the investment in African green revolution so that the million does not suffer in the future.

The third forum with elevated level on the effectiveness of assistance in Accra gathers members of the Community for the Development total: the givers, the associates of country, the groups of civil society and the agencies for the development international made to make the assistance more effective and to provide better results to the poorest people. The participants will agree on an new approach of consensus, the day order of Accra of so that Action, improves the impact on the ground including/understanding:a better coordination, more transparency, a responsibility reinforced and a hearth on results of development.

Since the preceding conference held in 2005 in Paris, almost 60 countries achieved progress by reinforcing their development strategies national. But much remains to be made, in particular on the coordination of distributor, and there was ice-skating in some sectors.

The World Bank supports the day order of Accra for the action, and claims new stages BOLD:

Honour the commitments entered into in 2005 at the top with Gleneagles G8 to increase the official assistance of development (ODA) to $130 billion per annum. There is currently a deficit of the directory $39 billion.
Increase foreseeability, the flexibility and the quantity of assistance of food - inclusion by replacing the assistance bound by the money thus cash the food can be bought locally and obtained where it needed quickly.
Transparency of increase - thus the givers and the associates of country can see flows of assistance and best the corruption of attack.
Dig drains more assistance by budgets of country - to help to establish the local capacity and establishments.
Bring new, nontraditional givers, and support associations of south-south.
Make the assistance faster and more flexible device - to better answer the shocks such as raising of priceses of food and fuel.
Made a greater use of the funds in trust of multi-giver - the pooling of the resources can cut costs and administrative procedures for countries partners.
Innovation of support - using new instruments to type the changing markets financing such as harvest or insurance against the catastrophes and local currency.

The improvement of the effectiveness of assistance reviews right to measure to the top of the assistance, much that easier Okonjo-Iweala said. The setting of the countries in the process of development at the head, transparency expanding, associations of distributor of deepening and the acceleration of the assistance to approach crises and deploying new instruments to provide the assistance in new manners are all the crucial stages. The reinforced property of country, need also bring with it reinforced the responsibility for country to act on good the government and corruption.

As President Johnson Sirleaf of Liberia recently underlined, it facilitates the effectiveness is also crucial to help to reinforce and simplify the climate of investment for the development of private sector. This is what finally to create work in Africa because it made elsewhere, Okonjo-Iweala indicated.

The President Robert B. Zoellick of the World Bank will deal with the forum on September 4, and takes part in a meeting-debate of morning on challenges of innovation and associations of innovation.

Extra informations:

The forum with elevated level gathers more than 80 countries partners, 60 organizations of civil society, givers of the Committee of assistance of development of OECD (DAC), and much of other organizations of assistance of development.

The forum is accomodated by the government of Ghana, and is financed by the bank for the African development, the Asian development bank, the European Bank for the rebuilding and the development, Inter-American Development Bank, the Cooperation organization and of development economic, the Program of the United Nations for the development And the World Bank.

The conference will examine results carried out since the end such a conference held in Paris in 2005 at where the international community the declaration of Paris adopted on the effectiveness of assistance concentrated on the property of country of the development strategies, alignment with strategies of country, harmonization of the actions of distributor and increased transparency, controlling for better results and the mutual responsibility for results for development.

http://web.worldbank.org/

burning of a man festifal

2008-08-31T22:38:00.003+07:00

Since 1990, the festival of annual art and weeklong of desert developed - and with him, the spectacle.

This year the sculptures reached 10 stories in the sky. The cars of art are now double decker bus, bus fur-covers, complete with breaths day and night of the real foghorns. The old man-school, the programs pirated radios now run phase on the Internet. Even the storm of dust of 2008 - a white veil during seven hours the first day and temporarily stopping the main door - became legendary.

Him 's obtaining harder to stumble through that, odd make-in-your-garage substance, but him 's really that, astonishing of place always says Scott de Lagunitas, as he sat down under an enormous reproduction of Hummer SUV - one of almost 200 installations in all Playa.

Per Thursday, almost 45.000 people were camped in the perimeter of 9 miles of the black city of rock, the provisional city created for the event. They lived in communal motor homes, tents and camps topic which provides free services such as sessions of yoga, martini or clubs of dance. Buying and being sold is interdict with the extreme man (except the espresso coffee and the ice) and the fast livers must bring all their clean food, water and shelter to last one week in the hard climate of desert. The end of the festival saturdays evening is marked by the burning of a man out of wooden of 40 feet in the center of the city.

The installation of art of show-block this year was Babylon, a tower of steel-braces of 10 stories assembling 100 feet in the sky, with a stair-well to the top. Built by workmen of the trade unions out of re-used materials, the structure was financed by a company anonymous and spread to cost $700.000 to build and transport to the dry desert lakebed known like Playa. A family financed the structure to honour her father Greek immigrant, who was one of the first manufacturers of Las Vegas and, according to her heirs, incarnated the spirit of this year 'topic of S to the extreme man - the American dream. Babylon came with a cabin from photograph this from the images projected from the people on the lathe on the 'sides from S. projection combined heads, chests and legs of the different people as a person, providing the entertainment without end.

Extreme Homme feels certainly more produced in series now, Scott says Finsthwait d' Oakland, that the last attended the gathering in 2001. When Finsthwait arrived the first time this year, the greeters gave to him a guide burning of man of the events which was 77 pages a long time, with 20 activities by the page. The choices included a discussion on Eckhart Tolle 's new, of the ground race of child-classified bicycle and operated rock. He remembers when the guide was right pages of a couple.

It rather feels a festival and less like one experiment in the community with me, it said. Him 's not a let-down, just something which you must adjust on.

The explosions had wow, too. At Mutopia, a sculpture of the blazing vines and the thimbles built by the area of compartment 'blazing girls of lotus of S, hundreds collected to observe the sculpture emit the flames crimsons, oranges and green of howl as the fireworks drew out of the floor of desert. A half-dozen passes by again of the balls, about the size of pumpkins, unrolled sparks of shooting of hell and flames oranges, being propelled towards crowd.

I the 'VE not never considering anything of similar! howled Brent Smith of England.

This year the temple with the extreme man provided quiet and contemplative space for fast livers. The timber structure two-story, established with posts of telephone and sporting staircases in spiral, was covered of memories griffonn�s with liked which disappeared. Each year, the manufacturers burn it to release the prayers. The visitors wrote odes with their babies, brothers and in love:

Dear brother, so much very sorry you are approached the thing of monster of squirrel. Miss you and your daughter. Asylum 't always found the charts, Rob love.

Or this on a matchbook rempli� in a hat of black concrete pumping of ball of Berkeley: Average Personnes goes to the hell. Embrace my granulations - buckshot.

On a wall, the white from Dave, 31, painted the face of its dog, Homer, which died one year ago. The organizer of New York of 'work of S.A. have a quality of Pixar to it, with the brilliant eyes of cartoon and the gray spinning mill complexes in the black fur. Homer was German a Shepherd-black mixture of Labrador, which seemed much like a bear.

I had it since I was 19 years old. I intervened much and he anybody who maintained to me, reasonable white was said. When he died I promised that I would maintain his spirit alive in way or other.

It was cathartic to take a step out of the hedonism during one day and work on its painting, white indicated.

Extreme Homme is about having the recreation and to meet people, but it has its spiritual moments, also,

Barack Obama's Muslim Childhood

2008-08-28T18:39:00.002+07:00

http://www.danielpipes.org/

president SBY angry | SBY marah | SBY nesu

2008-08-28T18:12:00.002+07:00

Jakarta - president SBY angry not was already made. He broke three civils servant of the country which engrosseded in the talk. He was touched above by nonserious civils servant listened to his report/ratio.

The incident occurred during the SBY gave the briefing during the meeting of the Cabinet in the president the 'office of S, street Medan Merdeka Utara, Jakarta Pusat, Thursday (28/8/2008).

In session was discussed partly about liquified natural gas of contract of export (the GNL) extremely which will be been in talks with the government of China.

At the beginning the atmosphere of the briefing was just very calm. SBY began it by giving the explanation of the GNL. Setelah SBY, the turn of vice-president Jusuf Kalla (JK) who gave the explanation.

�JK indicated its meeting with President China Hu Jintao and discussed this GNL of Tangguh. After JK was known as of completion, SBY gave the conclusion. In the gaps sent the conclusion, suddenly SBY indicated three civils servant of the country. The civil servant was him was engrosseding known in the talk.

Salut should not cause personally! Listen! Gift 't spoke satisfy personally! Please here, this the important problem! The aforementioned SBY. Could not be established yet by which this dimarahin SBY.

Namun while being seen side of the hands of SBY apparently indicated the head of the body of Intelijen Negara (rack) Syamsir Siregar, Kepala BKPM Mr. Lutfi, and head bps Rustam Heriawan. The atmosphere then became quiet. Several officials who were appointed that were immediately quiet. After SBY still his report/ratio continued. He said the case of the GNL of Tangguh the examination in his government.

Leaves 's.A. done this like good lesson. Required by me that with all in the future 's.A. taken leave a measurement with the head which was still good. Please put 't draw aside the news which with precision encouraged the people to become confused, said SBY.

While being at a meeting which was present all the Ministers for the council Bersatu indonesia, police force as a chief of the Republic of the General pol. Sutanto of Indonesia, Attorney General Hendarman Supandji and commander General TNI Djoko Santoso of TNI.

http://www.detiknews.com/

Barack Obama's

2008-08-28T18:08:00.000+07:00

Barack Obama's

Type rest of the post here

Gunung tiba tiba muncul

2008-08-28T00:05:00.001+07:00

The fear struck villagers the age, Kecamatan Wuar-labobar, the Regency Moluccan Tenggara Barat (MTB), since the past week. Why not, suddenly a mysterious mountain you-cul in front of the village waters. The mountain high around four metre from the sea level had the shape of the island. Villagers the age and the resident were in the Subdistrict of Wuarla-bobar made by the fear. “Gunung that emerged with the height four metre from the surface laut,” said the Sub-district Head Wuarlabobar, Buce Kelwulan, to the reporter in the Office Regent MTB.

Hal Ini was also justified by Regent MTB, Bitto S Temmar, as being launched detikcom, on Friday (15/08). “Kita still could not confirm whether that the mountain or the island. That must emerge from the depth 80 metre from the seabed was accompanied by the spurting of mud. Beforehand, this information was known after the resident Kecama-tan Wuarlabobar, telephoned through telecommunications radio belonging to the Regional Government MTB,” Bitto Temmar words.

In the meantime, one of the residents MTB, Evert Makupiola, said, during kemun-culan the mountain, some residents in the Subdistrict of Wuarla-bobar, chose to flee in neighbouring villages that far from this mountain. “Ada the fear of the resident will emerge the outside disaster biasa,” said Evert. Despite this, according to Evert the mysterious mountain emergence it was predicted resulting from the tectonic earthquake had the force of 6.9 SR in, last Thursday August 7.

“Gempa at that time happened in Namtabung waters. The earthquake also in-felt around the Island of Da-mer, Babar and Kisar,” ung-roof Evert, that also the reporter of one of the local print medias in MTB. Untuk anticipated that, Bitto Temmar dropped the team of the expert off to confirm whether that emerged that the island or the volcano. “Jika the volcano, still was active or tidak,” said the regent.

The source: http://www.harianko mentar.com/

adinda bakri nikah

2008-08-27T20:58:00.002+07:00

Jakarta - the Wedding Reception of Adi Bakrie, the child Indra Bakrie continued in Bali. The party in Jakarta only insignificant parts of party luxury of the nephew the Co-ordinating Minister Kesra Aburizal Bakrie this. Photographs of the party then leaked in the internet. How the family's Bakrie response?

"That would the normal matter." It was modern, his name the person was married that kebahagaian. Not was would the person of the party was secretly married, said the family's spokesperson of Bakrie Lalu Mara of the Wangsa noble to detikcom, on Wednesday (27/8/2008).

It was superior that you and Zinc married on Wednesday July 23 2008. Two days after the marriage ceremony agenda, Adi you and Zinc spread out the luxurious reception in the Mulia Hotel, Southern Jakarta. Two weeks after the reception in Jakarta, Adi you held the agenda for his friend in Bali.

Adi's party was in Bali spread out in a manner was closed in Resor Nirvana, Tanah Lot, that was known as property of the Bakrie family. Only special invitations that could attend this party. The agenda was maintained very tight. Talked about as 1 Brimob company was mobilised to maintain this party.

Reportedly, the guests were asked to sign the letter sealed that his contents the agreement will not leak all information or the photograph of your Adi's marriage to the mass media. If against? His threat was not half-hearted, lifelong imprisonment. However currently the story about the marriage leaks. This story and his photographs of the party were spread in the internet.

Asked for by clarification on this news, Then Mara denied your Adi's pretext was with Hoo Ong Zinc maintained tight Brimob and the troops. The "Bakrie family would human." Have the capacity what to be guarded by the troops and Brimob? The Previous lighter.

According to Then, your Adi's agenda was in this Bali held for the intimate friend of the nephew Menkokesra Aburizal Bakrie. "That his friends's agenda." They there are those that came from overseas. That will be good for Visit Indonesia Year 2008, pungkas Then.

World Bank Updates Poverty Estimates for the Developing World

2008-08-27T14:25:00.002+07:00

August 26, 2008—New poverty estimates published by the World Bank reveal that 1.4 billion people in the developing world (one in four) were living on less than US$1.25 a day in 2005, down from 1.9 billion (one in two) in 1981.

The new numbers show that poverty has been more widespread across the developing world over the past 25 years than previously estimated, but also that there has been strong—if regionally uneven—progress toward reducing overall poverty.

Looking at the new estimates from the perspective of the Millennium Development Goals, a set of internationally agreed development targets, the developing world is still on track to halve extreme poverty from its 1990 levels by 2015. This is the first of eight critical goals.

“However, the sobering news—that poverty is more pervasive than we thought—means that we must redouble our efforts, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa,” said Justin Lin, Chief Economist of the World Bank and Senior Vice President, Development Economics.

Updated poverty estimates are published by the Bank every few years, based on the most recent global cost-of-living data as well as on country surveys of what households consume.

Improved cost-of-living data for developing countries

“Our latest revision of poverty numbers is the largest revision yet because of important new data revealing that the cost of living in the developing world is higher than we thought,” said Martin Ravallion, director of the World Bank’s Development Research Group.

Ravallion refers to new information published earlier this year on the comparative prices of goods and services (such as food, housing, transport and so on) across many countries, expressed as internationally comparable exchange rates known as purchasing power parities (PPPs).

The latest PPPs—for 2005—were made available by a global statistical initiative called the International Comparison Program (ICP). The improvements in the design, implementation and analysis of the ICP price surveys for 2005 mean that the new PPPs are more reliable than older data from 1993 and 1985, which underestimated the cost of living in developing countries.

More accurate estimates of poverty

In the light of these new data, the Bank’s estimates of the extent of poverty in the developing world have also been revised upward across the entire period of research (1981 to 2005).

“The new estimates are a major advance in global poverty measurement because they are based on far better price data for assuring that poverty lines are comparable across countries,” said Shaohua Chen, senior statistician in the Development Research Group.

An earlier estimate of poverty—of 985 million living below the former international poverty line of $1 a day in 2004, down from 1.5 billion in 1981—was based on 1993 cost-of-living data which was the best available at the time.

The new poverty numbers, which show that 400 million more people lived below the poverty line in 2005 than earlier thought, are benchmarked to the revised international poverty line of $1.25 a day in 2005 prices. This line is a good standard for assessing extreme poverty because it is the average of the national poverty lines for the world’s poorest 10 to 20 countries.

“The new international poverty line is not intended to replace national poverty lines,” said Ravallion. When measuring poverty and discussing appropriate policies in a specific country one should naturally use a poverty line considered appropriate to that country, which need not accord with our international line.”

A forthcoming supplement to World Development Indicators will report poverty estimates using both the national poverty lines for each country as well as the new international poverty line that helps assess poverty comparably across all regions and countries.

By mid-September, complete country-level data will also be available on PovcalNet, a website that is currently being updated. This interactive research tool can be used to replicate Bank poverty estimates and test alternative assumptions, such as the poverty line or country groupings.

Overall progress at the global level

Ravallion’s paper on the new numbers, co-authored with Shaohua Chen, is titled “The developing world is poorer than we thought, but no less successful in the fight against poverty.” (Read the paper, or the shorter, bulleted brief.)

The authors find that, though the estimate of the number of poor has increased, the rate of poverty reduction in the developing world is still as strong as when poverty was viewed from the lens of the 1993 price data.

Poverty has been declining at the rate of about one percentage point a year, from 52 percent of the developing world’s population in 1981 to 26 percent in 2005. This is no small achievement, given that the number of poor fell by 500 million in this period.

“Yet even at this rate, about a billion people will still live on less than $1.25 a day in 2015,” said Ravallion. “And many of those who escaped 1.25-a-day poverty across 1981-2005 would still be poor by the standards of rich or even middle-income countries.”

Also, lags in survey data availability mean that the new estimates do not yet reflect the potentially large impact on poor people of rising food and fuel prices since 2005.

An uneven picture across developing regions

Poverty in East Asia—the world’s poorest region in 1981—has fallen from nearly 80 percent of the population living on less than $1.25 a day in 1981 to 18 percent in 2005 (about 330 million), largely owing to dramatic progress in poverty reduction in China.

$1.25 a day poverty in South Asia has also fallen, from 60 percent to 40 percent over 1981-2005, but this has not been enough to bring down the region’s total number of poor, which stood at about 600 million in 2005.

In Sub-Saharan Africa, the $1.25 a day poverty rate has shown no sustained decline over the whole period since 1981, starting and ending at 50 percent. In absolute terms, the number of poor people has nearly doubled, from 200 million in 1981 to 380 million in 2005. However, there have been signs of recent progress; the poverty rate fell from 58% in 1996 to 50% in 2005.

In middle-income countries, the median poverty line for the developing world—$2 a day in 2005 prices—is more relevant. By this standard, the poverty rate has fallen since 1981 in Latin America and the Middle East & North Africa, but not enough to reduce the total number of poor.

The $2 a day poverty rate has risen in Eastern Europe and Central Asia since 1981, though with signs of progress since the late 1990s.

A constant effort to improve data

“Data are never perfect, though they are getting better over time,” said Shaida Badiee, Director of the Bank’s Development Data Group. “The World Bank works constantly with partners in developing countries to improve data quality and access to data.”

An example of statistical improvement is the addition of price surveys for China to the 2005 round of the ICP. Many developing economies did not participate in earlier ICP rounds, but the 2005 ICP covered 146 countries including China.

The quality of the price data being collected has also improved over time, with product listings being specified in much greater detail. For example, in the 2005 ICP surveys, six different kinds of rice were classified by eight price-determining characteristics to ensure comparability between countries. In total, more than 1,000 products were included in the price surveys.

Ravallion notes that the scope and availability of household surveys of income and consumption have also improved vastly. “The latest poverty estimates draw on 675 household surveys for 116 developing countries, representing 96 percent of the developing world,” he said. “Yet 20 years ago we could only do these calculations properly for 22 countries. That is great progress in our knowledge about poverty in the world.”

http://web.worldbank.org/

That must be carried out before the Ramadhan month, hal yg perlu dilakukan sebelum memasuki bulan ramadhan

2008-08-22T15:46:00.003+07:00

Do'a the Jibril angel around Ramadhan "Ya Allah helped ignored Muhammad's group's fast, if before entered the Ramadhan month he did not do matters that along with:

* did not ask sorry before to his two parents (if still was available).
* Tidak berma'afan before between the husband and wife.
* did not forgive each other before and people" of "surrounding area".

Then Rasulullah then said Amen totalling 3 times. Could was imagined by us, that berdo'a was the Angel and that meng-aminkan was Rasullullah and the friends, and was carried out on the Friday. By that I TERLEBIH DAHULU MEMOHON MAAF if I was did the mistake, both that not in deliberate and that in deliberate. It is hoped Ramadhan this time could be made use of by us sebaik2nya.Amim....

The banning avril lavigne in malaysia | Pecnekalan avril lavigne

2008-08-20T03:17:00.001+07:00

Los Angeles - Not Only Inul Daratista that experienced pencekalan in Malaysia. The singer Avril Lavigne was then forbidden to appear in the country Datuk that.

As being quoted from Gossipgirls, on Tuesday (19/8/2008), his plan this coming August 29 pelantun The Girl Friend this would the concert in the Malaysian capital, Kuala Lumpur, as part of the series of the Asian tour the album terbaru him.

However, the party of the opposition the Islamic Party Pan asked the government to

cancel the wife's concert Derek Whibley, because he was it was thought too sexy for the Malaysian spectator. They also said that Lavigne could not the concert before the Malaysian independence day that fell on August 31.

"We considered Avril too sexy for us." That was not good for the spectator in Malaysia. We did not want our resident, our youth child, was affected with his appearance. We wanted the clean artist, the artist who could give the good example, said one of the sources of the Islamic Party. Pan (NSA)

ATW | akademi teknik warga | my college

2008-08-20T03:01:00.002+07:00

The academy of Teknologi Warga Surakarta had Information Technology facilities that take the form of web server, mail server..... The data server, manajement server and infrastuktur the network of the computer for the internet personally.
Therefore information about ATW would directly could in access by all masyarakart widely. Moreover in the ATW campus also was gotten by HOTSPOT facilities that is taking the form of network access of the internet nirkabel all over the area of the ATW campus.

By expressing gratitude kehadirat the Lord YME we welcomed the availability web site the Academy of Teknologi Warga Surakarta this to more clarified the existence, the task and the ATW function in the Surakarta community and Central Java especially.
For the level of the national company and the multinational, that almost every week held test and rekruitmen the ATW graduate as the prospective employee, the Surakarta Academy of the Resident's technology already in knew the area because of his graduate that have the potential dibidang him in accordance with his requirement in the industry.
Finally we haturkan thank you and we opened ourselves up on all the suggestions and criticism that were constructive for the sake of goodness together.

Our honour

Widodo Prayitno

Director ATW

New News Search Engine: Newsflashr

2008-08-20T02:51:00.000+07:00

New News Search Engine: Newsflashr

Newsflashr.com launched a new type of search engine for news stories today. Users are prompted to enter keywords and the search results are polled and displayed in real-time from many of the leading news services such as MSN Live, Ask Big News, Google News, Yahoo News, MSNBC, Digg and Twitter to name a few.

Newsflashr will also feature the Techmeme Leaderboard.

The site is the first to add a social twist to news reporting, in an attempt to leverage contributions of citizen journalists and the collective intelligence. For the first time, we'll be able to determine whether Twitter is actually a news source. Plus, Digg - one of the key drivers of searches on Google Hot Trends - will be featured as a news source.

The sites is shooting for a hip, ironic image. The front page graphic is no Google Doodle. It's a pic of The Joker superimposed on nuclear missiles, with the caption the Joker's line from The Dark Knight, "Why so serious?" (see below)

"As a small company, we

think that we can challenge the big guns with our new approach that pulls from all their results and pushes them on to a single results page. Say someone is really thirsty for any news updates on a given person or company, using Newsflashr, they'll never miss a beat," said Gal Arav, founder of Newsflashr.com, in a statement.

The new service complements Newsflashr's existing free news portal launched in February 2008. The existing portal is a news interface that highlights keywords (topics) representing the "collective intelligence" of hundreds of the top news editors as it updates throughout the day for a wide variety of mainstream news and blog categories.

Posted by Kevin Heisler

Cuil.com The New Search Engine

2008-08-20T00:29:00.000+07:00

Cuil.com The New Search Engine

Have you heard Cuil.com?. someone said that will be the world’s biggest search engine.

Now let see. I've tested it.not spesific the search engine searches more pages on the Web than anyone else. The CUil Claims they can search three times as many as Google and ten times as many as Microsoft.

Rather than rely on superficial popularity metrics,Cuil searches based on content and relevanceof the sit

e. it means Cuil finds a page with the keywords, then stay on that page and analyze the rest of its content, its concepts, their inter-relationships and the page’s coherency.

The Cuil.com let the searches always private.

Cuil is an old Irish word for knowledge. For knowledge, ask Cuil.

Wanna Make some try.....

http://www.van.web.id/

Want Chatting in the Cellular Phone? You Now Mig33

2008-08-19T16:17:00.003+07:00

With used Mig33 and you would terkoneksi with the person all over the world. And you too could access IM (MSN, Yahoo! , ICQ, AOL, Google Talk), chatting in rum, send the email, shared the photograph, the sms in fact telephoned. And you too could share with your friends, the family or even looked for the friend from various corners of the country. You could use this in the cellular phone even your computer. I have here tried him. Actually still many applications. And the suggestion from me, used SIM Card you who had the cheap GPRS tariff. If you were still confused, you could see the article that I posting before this that is about Chatting in the Cellular Phone. Because was regarded by me must be published, then tried before.

OK, I will report the instruction mig33 in your cellular phone. Follow steps along with, Download and Install Mig33 Was based on the experience, used your cellular phone to mendownload because would terinstall automatically. Use the internet service or browser to your mobile phone to head wap.mig33.com. Then followed the instruction download that was given mig33. Used Mig33 First Kali When you opened the application mig33 the first time in your cellular phone, mig33 will try mengoneksi to server mig33. Several types of the Cellular Phone, like Motorola and Sony,will got the special treatment from server.

The register With Mig33 After being opened the first time, choosing ‘REGISTER’ and following Instuksi. (don't forget to put the country's code when gave no your mobile phone to verify the code. Indonesia +62) Mendidentifikasi the Anda Account After the Register, you will get Code via SMS. Masukkan Code when you Login the first time, then you immediately could use mig33.

Basically was

2008-08-19T15:35:00.001+07:00

Think about good good if wanting to decide to come back, because if one of the you carried out the mistake then the long mistake then would in pry into pry into came back... If you were indeed really true wanted to make the new commitment, then you had the right to open the new sheet and to close the long sheet. Promised to improve each other diri. if you that liked very angry, then you must promise to yourself (not to your couple!! ) to be able to be more patient in responding to a problem. Don't give precedence to emotions, because by following emotions, all will become berantakan. you wanted to choose all him went good?? Or the disorder?? Whereas Co you also must promise to himself him himself to study loyal, helped the person not meant him fell in love with this person.

Basically was:

1. SABAR
2. EACH OTHER of PERCAYA
3. EQUALLY EQUALLY COMMITTED for SERIUS
4. EACH OTHER of PENGERTIAN
5. Thought POSITIF
6. For COMMUNICATION that good

TIPS looked for the COUPLE

2008-08-19T15:07:00.004+07:00

I wanted all realised!!!!! So as you were not made use of by your couple that notabene he said modern humankind most of MATRE!!! .. and liked to make use of his couple. For you who have had the girlfriend and wanted to look for the new girlfriend on the basis of wanting to look for the again better girlfriend, must in remembered that there is NO PEOPLE PERFECT In This World !!!!

because of perfection only belonging to PENCIPTA!! .. Indeed the characteristics of humankind that the greed and arrogant and had not been satisfied would the blessing that already they received. Made humankind sometimes sometimes go too far. Has lived had enough wanted to live berlebihan… After the excessive life wanted to live that was abundant.. Has had the good girlfriend wanted to search that was better lagi Has met the better girlfriend wanted to look for the perfect girlfriend!!!! Indeed many people every.. “ ahhh… that will be legal just legal!!! While being not yet janur yellow buckled!!

But necessary in pay attention to if from first established relations has been happy the substitute for the substitute pacar… gimana if marrying???!!!! Indeed we in gave the opportunity to go out.. so as to be able to know to one another. And indeed we in created had different thinking, the different characteristics, the different character, and the different principle. If we established relations and in several of our months realised if the relations could not in continued then we might take the action of not continuing these relations on the basis of that made sense. What next if being connected with the principle. If we realise that these relations were not possible in continued, but we still continue to berkutat in the same hole, meant the person was indeed STUPID!! Already tau wronged and was not possible?? Why must be continued?? Moreover until bertahun the year. Necessarily we thought REALISTIS.

So as to not hurt who. Everything was connected with the principle that has been real could not in tolerated. If one of his couples has made a commitment to want to have the same principle, then the relations could in continued. This means that you wanted to undergo your relations seriously. But if your couple did not want to have the same principle, then tidakan you to decide the relations were as fast as him was the very true action. So as your relations was not too far and was not too serious and when you were cut off, one of the you did not feel you were sick, because of your relations still in the calculation of the month.

And for you who have had the girlfriend that you yourselves has acknowledged to himself and the crowd, if your girlfriend baik… why must search that was better??? If you felt did not fit 2 or 3 first months, you could sever your relations. Buti……If you have been connected more than 5 years and just realise that you did not agree, that his name was EXCESSIVE!!! How stupid him you who have developed relations more than 5 years could be cut off only because of the matter of the trivial matter. His example egoism, not all that communication, the activity, bla bla blab la……. Anywhere for 5 years????!!! Discarded wasted time!! Discarded worked hard!! Discarded discarded thoughts!! Discarded discarded MONEY!!

Necessarily you realised!! And tried to understand the lack of your couple. Because of not having one person then before this earth was the perfect person. There you in uji…apakah you could pass the period period was difficult together?? Could you complement each other the lack of your couple was their respective?? Really went out was the period where you in the form to be able to become the foundation that was firm before continued to the more serious stage. If the intention from you already was not again, then the relations indeed could not in maintained. But if you intended to want the life to be better and to want to rectify the mistake, then the relations ought to be in maintained.

If having the difficult problem although, we were prosecuted for MODESTY and forgave our couple's mistake. With the commitment repaired KESALAHAN that had been done. Painful indeed if we must forgive the person who was loved by us carried out the mistake that had not been thought about by us before him. Moreover if he left us only because of the third person. And our couple tried to compare ourselves with the other person. If the other person better than us, possibly we will realise himself and retreated. But rather MENYAKITKAN again if we saw the reality that we were far more better from the person that he wanted.

If his incident like that.. then gave your couple the choice.. ” he or saya” if your couple could not choose to give him time to think. And asked again about the choice tsb. If his answer was not also.. then you had the right left dia… except for you were willing in duplicated just you remained with the stupid condition as being like this.

His conclusion was if you wanted to look for the couple, asked to your couple:

Can you lived was difficult together to be the same me??
Can you received me the way it is??
Can you lived independent??
Can we learned to complement each other our lack??
Can we learned to co-operate in all the matters??
Can we learned to appreciate the person's other opinions??
Can we learned to improve the weakness of our weakness??
Can we learned to remind at each other if one of the we carried out the mistake??
Can we made one mission and the point of view for our future??
Can you accepted the surplus and the lack of my family??

From to 10 questions, then could represent how relations kalian… whether could in continued or in stopped.

Necessary in remembered!!!! Looked for the COUPLE NOT ONLY TO LOVE AND IN LOVE!!! BUT could the COUPLE us co-operate with us??? In the positive matter definitely.

http://vichaga.multiply.com

Tips overcame the Difference of the Perception of the Couple

2008-08-19T14:50:00.001+07:00

Had you done something that according to you were the love expression to the couple but evidently his response was negative? One day, a husband frustasi because of experiencing this. This man wanted to do something that was special for his wife, so as he came home from work earlier and bought the flower, chocolate, as well as a card utnuk his wife. When arriving in the house, happily he gave the gift and said, "love, I really loved you!" Suddenly his wife cried and said, "All Of Them chaotic today, our baby was fussy, the broken washing machine, and now you came home in the drunk situation!" Same like that was illustrated with the reaction the wife, sometimes we did something to express the love loved our couple, but that not what he needed. We understood whether that was needed by us to feel was loved, but anyway, what was wanted by us always was not the same as what the couple was wanted by us.

For example my wife of Erin, he really liked if I praised his appearance. On the other hand, Erin's comment on my appearance was not as important meaning that for me. Because I did not regard important Erin's praise on my appearance to make I felt I was loved, I also afterwards had the trend to like that did not pay attention to his appearance. This was the problem of the public among the couple: we had the trend to express the feeling of our love by the same means as we wanted to be treated. The problem is, our couple often needed something that really was different from what we want to did for him.

One important factor in married life that was happy to be to find the specific requirement for your couple to feel that he was loved. One simple method of knowing him was by making the list about any that he needed to feel was loved.

I pushed you to meluangkan special time and wrote these specific matters. When you asked him and wrote your list, remembered to not judge, did not agree, or menyela matters that were said by your couple. Therefore matters that he needed as the expression that he was loved. In addition, wrote matters that could be measured. In other words, compared to wrote "me want to keintiman", wrote "me wanted you to say ‘a I" loved you "at least very much a day." , "I wanted you asked how my day." , et cetera. These specific statements helped your couple to translate the statement that was very vague into the clear treatment. After you understood what was needed by your couple so that he feels he was loved, the further step needed your responsibility of carrying him out.

Your couple gave the gift that meant so much for you by giving the list about matters whether that was needed by him to feel was loved. Now you have information that was very valuable for the happiness penikahan you. I pushed you to not allow this information to be thrown away was in vain. One of the methods was best for showed that you really cared in the feeling of your couple was by asking about the very simple question. Very much a week for example, asked, "from the scale 0 to 10, with the figure 10 was significantly best, how my attitude during this Sunday to express my love for you?" . By evaluating yourself like this consistently, you can love your couple was based on his requirement and not was based on your perception what will do that he needed.

http://hanhubby.blogspot.com/

Welcomed Ramadhan

2008-08-19T04:04:00.002+07:00

Welcomed Ramadhan, many agendas were held by Muslims. Among this agenda there are those that became the tradition that “wajib” was carried out although islamic canon law had not ordered to make various agendas certain welcomed the arrival of this noble month. The Ramadhan fast was one of the fast obligations that were determined by islamic canon law that was aimed on the occasion of taqarrub (brought closer himself) to Allah k. The fast law was personally divided into two, that is the obligatory fast and the fast sunnah. As for the obligatory fast was divided into 3: the Ramadhan fast, the fast kaffarah (the compensation fast), and the solemn vow fast.

Eminence Bulan Ramadhan Bulan Ramadhan was the month was dropped off by him Al Qur’an. Allah k decreed:

شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ الَّذِي أُنْزِلَ فِيْهِ الْقُرْآنُ هُدًى لِلنَّاسِ وَبَيِّنَاتٍ مِنَ الْهُدَى وَالْفُرْقَانِ

“Bulan Ramadhan was the month that inside was reduced (the beginning) Al Qur`an as the guidance for humankind and explanations concerning the guidance and the distinguishing feature (between that haq and that batil). ” (Al-Baqarah: 185) in this month of the devils was shackled, the door to hell was closed and the door to heaven was opened.

Rasulullah n spoke:

إِذَا جَاءَ رَمَضَانُ فُتِحَتْ أَبْوَابُ الْجَنَّةِ وَغُلِقَتْ أَبْوَابُ النِّيْرَانِ وَصُفِدَتِ الشَّيَاطِيْنُ

“Bila was menstruating Ramadhan was opened doors to heaven, were closed doors to hell and was shackled the devils. ” (HR. Al-Bukhari and Muslim)
In the Ramadhan month also was gotten the Lailatul Qadar night. Allah k decreed:

إِنَّا أَنْزَلْنَاهُ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ. وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ. لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ. تَنَزَّلُ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ وَالرُّوْحُ فِيْهَا بِإِذْنِ رَبِّهِمْ مِنْ كُلِّ أَمْرٍ. سَلاَمٌ هِيَ حَتَّى مَطْلَعِ الْفَجْرِ

“Sesungguh him we dropped Al Qur’an in the magnificence night off. Knew you whether the magnificence night? The magnificence night better than one thousand months. That night descended angels and the Jibril angel with Tuhannya permission to arrange all the affairs.

That night was full of welfare until rising the dawn. ” (Al-Qadar: 1-5)

http://asysyariah.com/syariah.php?menu=detil&id_online=295

Surabaya

2008-08-19T04:01:00.003+07:00

malang

2008-08-19T03:57:00.003+07:00

bandung

2008-08-19T03:55:00.002+07:00

jakarta

2008-08-19T03:52:00.003+07:00

daerah semarang dan sekitarnya

2008-08-19T03:47:00.002+07:00

Jadwal puasa 2008 wilayah Yogyakarta dan sekitarnya

2008-08-19T03:40:00.004+07:00

jadwal puasa daerah solo dan sekitarnya

2008-08-19T03:34:00.001+07:00

Global warming | stop global warming

2008-08-19T02:53:00.001+07:00

Global warming is perhaps the most important environmental problem in the world today. Levels of greenhouse gases are increasing in the atmosphere due to human activities, and are changing the composition of the atmosphere and global warming. Climate scientists agree that human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels contribute to the problem.

Scientists have predicted the phenomemon of global warming for decades. Unfortunately, some of the adverse effects of global warming, they have also predicted begin to occur throughout the world, including:

growing incidence of droughts in some areas, floods in others;
The rising temperatures of oceans and the sea level;
increase extreme weather events such as tornadoes and hurricanes;
The melting of mountain glaciers and the reduction of snow cover;
Dying coral reefs, and
Coastal erosion, and loss of coastal ecosystems.

While a handful of skeptics continue to discuss science, the World 'scientists agree: science is in. Global warming is happening.

What is global warming

What scientists say:

The Intergovernmental Group of Experts on International Climate Change (IPCC), an organization of more than 2000 climate scientists , has produced three scientific assessments concerning climate change and, in each, has concluded that global warming occurs, and is related to human activity. Their latest report (January 2001) stated that: "There is new and stronger evidence that most of the warming observed over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities."

The US National Academy of Sciences (NAS) concluded in June 2001 that: "Greenhouse gases are accumulating in Earth 'atmosphere as a result of human activities, causing air temperatures on the surface and subsurface of the Ocean temperatures on the rise. Temperatures are, in fact increasing. "And he added: " national policy decisions made now and in the longer-term future will influence the extent of any damage suffered by vulnerable populations and ecosystems later in this century. "

The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) issued an unprecedented alert in July 2003 warning that " Extreme weather events Might Increase "in the world. The alert tied a record number of extreme weather events such as tornadoes and heat waves in 2003 to global warming. The alert said: "Record extremes in weather and climate events continue to occur around the world. Recent scientific assessments indicate that, as the global temperatures continue to warm due to climate change, the number and intensity of extreme events might increase. "Here in the United States, some states are taking action. The private sector is also responding to this challenge.

What is global warming
What is the United States about global warming?

The Bush administration, unfortunately, has turned its back on this problem. Shortly after taking office in 2001, President Bush went back on a campaign promise to regulate carbon emissions from the power plants (a major source of pollution to global warming). The Climate Change Plan announced by President Bush in February 2002, calls for a 18 percent reduction of greenhouse gases "intensity " in 2012, which translates into a 14 per cent more greenhouse gases during this period. As pointed out by the US General Accounting Office (GAO) in October, 2003 report, however, the "plan " represents virtually 'business as usual. 'The report states: "While the emissions of greenhouse gases in the United States rose Significantly, the Energy Information Administration of the United States reported that the emission intensity has been generally declining steadily since 50 years. "The Bush Climate Change Plan allows greenhouse gases continue to rise while the long decline in emissions intensity is also continued.

Fortunately, the United States Congress are beginning to demand action in the light of the continued blocking of the Bush administration. In the very first Senate vote on a mandate of the American policy cuts greenhouse gases, which took place in October 2003, 43 members of the Senate voted in favor of the measure, with 55 voting members of the objection. The authors of legislation, Senator from Arizona John McCain and Senator Joseph Lieberman of Connecticut have promised to push for another vote on the bill, the Climate Stewardship Act, in 2004, and believe that they may even have enough votes for the measure to pass the Senate.

www.effectofglobalwarming.com/what-is-global-...

MXIT Bisa Dipake Lag | mxit can used again

2008-08-19T02:43:00.001+07:00

After some time before MXIT was stated was blocked for reasons of certain from the operator. At this time MXIT already could diergunakan came back. According to several sources that most were my friends (hehehe…). And after being tried by me mengotak-atik various setting in this application, finally was found several solutions to be able to use MXIT came back.
Wanted knew?? Read terus…. To be able to use again MXIT had several tips that could be tried.
In part:

1. In place of the card.
Uptil now MXITers happier used IM3. However after MXIT was blocked, you continued to be able to undertake MXIT with the other card. Because the blockading only happened to the card IM3.

2. If you insisted used IM3.
There was the trick so that blocked was opened. To the suit login, the substitute socket-full duplex with HTTP. was guaranteed you could feel the connection to be fast and free blocked. Was like this tips to undertake again MXIT with IM3. It is hoped beneficial.

MXIT Bisa Dipake Lagi!!!!!!!

2008-08-19T02:41:00.000+07:00

MXIT Bisa Dipake Lagi!!!!!!!

oleh broxenhearted

Setelah beberapa waktu lalu MXIT dinyatakan diblokir karena alasan tertentu dari operator. Saat ini MXIT sudah bisa diergunakan kembali. Menurut beberapa sumber yang sebagian besar adalah teman-teman saya (hehehe…). Dan setelah saya coba mengotak-atik berbagai setting di aplikasi ini, akhirnya ditemukan beberapa solusi untuk dapat menggunakan MXIT kembali. Mau tahu?? Baca terus….
Untuk dapat menggunakan kembali MXIT ada beberapa tips yang dapat dicoba. Antara lain:
1. Mengganti kartu. Selama ini para MXITers lebih senang menggunakan IM3. Namun

setelah MXIT diblokir, anda tetap bisa menjalankan MXIT dengan kartu lain. Karena pemblokiran hanya terjadi pada kartu IM3.
2. Kalo anda bersikeras menggunakan IM3. Ada trik agar blokir dibuka. Pada setelan login, ganti socket-full duplex dengan HTTP. dijamin anda bisa merasakan koneksi cepat dan bebas blokir.
Demikian tips untuk menjalankan kembali MXIT dengan IM3. Semoga bermanfaat.

MXIT : Change your nickname in MXit chatrooms | mxit tips adn trick

2008-08-19T02:25:00.000+07:00

MXIT : Change your nickname in MXit chatrooms

Posted On at by OeNZT

Tired of your nickname in MXit chatrooms?

This is how to change it.
While chatting in the MXit chatrooms all you need to do is send the following

message in the MXit chatroom.

.nick MXitfan

MXitfan is only an example you may use any new nickname that is not already in use.
This costs 20 moola.

The lunar eclipse on August 17 2008

2008-08-18T23:13:00.002+07:00

Langitselatan.com:

This year, along with celebration of the Day of Kemerdekaan Republic Of Indonesia of the 63, the Indonesian community could also enjoy the Sebagian Lunar Eclipse (GBS). GBS will in Indonesia appear on August 17 2008 to begin to strike 01,24 bbwi at dawn when the Month almost sank in the west horizon. GBS on August 17 2008 at the same time also became the last eclipse in 2008. We just met again with the phenomenon of the eclipse at the beginning of 2009, that is with the Cincin Solar Eclipse that could be seen in several places in Indonesia.

The lunar eclipse happened during the month was beroposisi against the sun or was being in the full moon phase and through the Earth shadow. This caused the occurrence of the good lunar eclipse the eclipse some and the total eclipse. If wanting to be imagined when the lunar eclipse, the Sun, happening Earth and the Month was to one straight line where Earth was between both of them and obstructed the fall of the Sun rays to the Month.

At the time of the eclipse, if the Month entered the Penumbra area (the hazy or vague shadow) Earth, then signs of the occurrence of the eclipse were still being very hazy but when the Month entered the umbra (the dark area the total) then the lunar eclipse can be observed. The lunar eclipse personally was two namely the Total Lunar Eclipse (GBT) and the Sebagian Lunar Eclipse (GBS). During GBT, the month will be in the Earth umbra whereas during GBS, some Month shadows still was in penumbra Earth.

Globally the lunar eclipse happened in the date 16-17 all over the part of the world. This eclipse only some (not the Total Lunar Eclipse), but deep and meant so much. Could be witnessed from all over the world part, except North America.

JIka Gerhana Matahari could be only seen directly by humankind, the lunar eclipse could be witnessed by who yg wanted to see him. The map along with showed the part/what area in the world that will be passed by the eclipse, as well as when the month rose or sank for eclipse phases. Only North America yg was not affected by the eclipse. Along with the map of the earth that will be passed by this Lunar Eclipse,

The month entered “penumbra” the earth shadow during 18:23 Universal Time (UT) or 01:23 WIB (at midnight). When even more moon parts entered the earth shadow (penumbra), then the occurrence of the eclipse will be seen.

The month will enter the unclear shadow (the umbra) during 19:36 of UT (02:36 WIB), the lunar eclipse partly then began. The peak of the eclipse happened 94 minutes afterwards, struck 21:10 of UT (04:10 WIB). At the moment 81% of moon circles was in the umbra. Afterwards slowly the moon left the umbra. The free umbra struck 04:45 WIB after more than 3 hours since the commencement of the eclipse. The month left the phase penumbra during 06:57 WIB. It's already morning and in some regions in the homeland, the month has sunk.

According to the prediction of astronomy, in the near future did not have the lunar eclipse, up until December 2010.

Cara tambah account mig33

2008-08-18T22:46:00.001+07:00

Berikut ini trick mengenai bagaimana menambah account pulsa mig33 di nick kita tanpa kita harus membeli voucher/melakukan charge account. Ada bbrp langkah, antara lain:

Persiapkan satu nomor gsm yg blm pernah dipakai untuk register nick mig33.
Loginlah ke mig33 menggunakan nick yg anda kehendaki untuk ditambah accountnya.
Setelah berhasil login, kemudian pencet OPTION, lalu cari menu INVITE FRIEND.
Pada kotak PHONE NUMBER, masukkan nmr gsm yg dimaksud pd point 1, lalu pd kotak YOUR NAME, masukkan nick anda, lalu pencet INVITE FRIEND.
Registerkan nmr gsm yg anda invite, jadi sebuah nick yg baru.
Setelah nick baru tsbt sukses terdaftar, silahkan cek account pd nick anda yg lama, account anda akan bertambah dgn sendirinya
Selamat mencoba

The method more account

2008-08-18T22:43:00.001+07:00

The method more account Along with this trick concerning how increased the pulse account mig33 in Nick we without us must buy voucher/did charge the account. There is bbrp the step, in part:

1. Prepare one number gsm yg blm had been used for Nick's register mig33.
2. Loginlah to mig33 used Nick yg was desired by you to be increased his account.
3. After being successful login, afterwards crushed OPTION, then looked for the INVITE FRIEND. menu
4. To the PHONE NUMBER box, put nmr gsm yg was meant in point 1, then to the YOUR NAME box, put Nick you, then crushed INVITE FRIEND.
5. Registerkan nmr gsm yg you invite, so one of Nick yg just.
6. After Nick just tsbt the success was registered, please the account cheque to Nick you yg old, your account will improve dgn sendirinya
7. Congratulations tried

My feeling

2008-08-18T22:07:00.001+07:00

Oh chaotic nih.
had the friend was not that true. that one liked him make a fool of women. whereas his one liked to be made a fool of woman. oh how yaaa. possibly their fate to balik. hehehehehe maybe. but yes wanted how again. they said if they could not be suitable and understand each other why also must in continue.

Blogged with the Flock Browser

How chose keywords that was exact

2008-08-18T20:43:00.003+07:00

Memilih keywords yang baikChose keyword was the work that was focussed on what was looked for by the person not about whether the product, the article or konten you. For example the person more will choose “harga the room hotel” than “Hotel Mutiara”, so used the name of the company was not better from the aspect of what was looked for by the person, from the corner search enggine certainly did not have the problem because of the two kewyords would in-index by google. So once more, the focus to what generally is looked for by the person. To determine keyword and knew what often was looked for by the person, you possibly did not get keyword that was exact if carrying him out by thinking hard or while drinking coffee. So better and faster and exact if you used tool available, was supervised was link keywords tool that could be used by you:

Inventory
overture.com with facilities overture you could memasukan one keyword you will be given by the number of searches keyword this in last months. And you too will be given list the alternative keyword that was relevant and the number of searches for each alternative.

Wordtracker.com
Tool this had the surplus because has had thesaurus, so you will be given keyword that normally is used by the insider looked for the matter that regarding keyword that was given by you. By this you could choose keyword that was more exact than keyword that you input.

Adwords.google.com
One tool from google actual was made for the advertisers in adwords google. But toll this was very useful to get the choice keyword that was best, and you too could carry out surveillance of how the competition keyword that was used by the advertisers. By that, tool that was based ajax this really was easy to be used to choose keyword and you could meng-export that was direct inside file excel.

List Full tool to keywords could be seen by you in the category tool.

Tips Adsense: maximised the Adsense Income

2008-08-18T01:26:00.000+07:00

Installed the Adsense code then left him alone just like that possibly will continue to gave earning for the installer, moreover if website/blog this had the visitor's tall traffic and most were the loyal visitor.
Nevertheless, ought to be regretted if results only like this and just like that. In fact, the intention not put on Adsense, hehehe...
As Echa words in the matter comment "did Curang and the Serba Kekurangan Life..." , seriously in doing everything more will give results that were optimal compared with the work that was carried out perfunctorily.
If seeing several examples website/blog publisher Adsense that was successful, in fact we could maximise the income from Adsense by means of that was relative was easy. I have tried him and could possibly be useful for colleagues who were looking for the method raised earning from Adsense.

Please please several tips along with this, the monitor in several days or the week and saw results.

1. Use Lay Out that was Exact
Many of the we who installed the Adsense code but left him alone just like that. The example of the ease yes several blog I myself, hihihi...
I could carry out the change test layout to some blog that was other and results could increase although the matter of the size was considered to be relative.

If we wanted to maximise the Adsense income from lay out blog, we could use several lay out that indeed already dioptimasi for Adsense. His manufacturer most were publisher Adsense and if being seen from the form lay out, themes or template that was made was from the relevant experience.

Isnaini was one of the examples publisher that made templates blog that dioptimasi for Adsense. The advertisement placing and the form themes him has been maximised for the Adsense code fitting.

Apart from optimasi lay out, template that was made also has made section especially the appointment of the code, so as we did not have difficulty still looked for the position for the Adsense code.

For the user Serendipity, template from David Cummins and Carl Galloway could become the choice to maximise earning, whereas for the user Wordpress, Dosh-Dosh made list about 16 (changed titles was 17) templates/themes Wordpress that could be used to optimasi Adsense. It was interesting, some templates that it was recommended by Dosh-Dosh was themes Red Putih belonging to Isnaini. Good Work, Mas Isnaini.

2. Maximise the Number Ads
in accordance with ToS Adsense, we could install 3 Ads the unit, 1 Link the Unit and 2 Refferal the Unit in 1 page. Maximise the Adsense income by placing forms of this advertisement in 1 page, but don't forget to continue to be on duty at him in order to not damage the article and the form of the page whole. Carry out the test several times until finding the just right format.

3. Apply Section Targetting
If has had blog that dioptimasi, we could gain the Adsense income that was optimal

if the advertisement that appeared really relevant with the contents of the article. Used section targetting for this. Only, this was still having difficulty being done if the contents blog/website spoke Indonesia, except if material that was discussed quite specific and had the advertisement variation that enough.

4. Use Channel
Used channel to do tracking, the form of the advertisement and any position that gave maximal results. There were not mistakenly us in place of the formation and the location of the appointment if results not so or even was not completely

5. Please the Format 336 of X 280
were based on the personal experience and read the experience repeatedly publisher other, the format of the advertisement 336 X 280 gave the income that was higher compared with the other form. Use this advertisement in the position that was adjacent to the article that was written.

6. Optimasi with Blended Color
fixe tampilan blog/website so that the colour warni him more joined (blended) with the advertisement that was put forward. For the user Firefox, addons Color Picker could be used to get the Hexadecimal sum from the colour that was detected.

7. Give Deskripsi and Advise
If we installed Refferal Unit (Firefox for example), will be more maximal if the advertisement that was put forward was not allowed to be alone. Placed refferal this unit to the article that recommended penggunaa him, for example, than stress with the Explorer Internet resulting from malware and adware, used Firefox as browser the choice. Give the explanation why refferal this unit deserved to be used.

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The calls of the World Bank for the emergency action on food before the development assistance speaks in Ghana

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